As noted in her will, Joan was buried in the church at Stamford near the monument and tomb of her first husband Sir Thomas Holland where she intended to have a chapel built to house her own tomb. Joan of Arc didn't set out to become a martyr. With their fathers blessing, three of Prince Edwards younger brothers had all married wealthy noblewomen. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. In its place, a confusion of approaches appeared. Joan of Kent. He was very particular as to what was to happen after his death. Photographic reminders of it began to be judged as obscene. The faces of many mourners evidence the struggle. [3] Joan, Countess of Kent , known as The Fair Maid of Kent, was the mother of King Richard II of England, her son by her third husband, Edward the Black . As an adult she showed that she was gentle, warm and loving a natural peacemaker with an innate ability to get on well with people. People who had never given a thought to the medium now turned to it in desperation. Joan pleaded with her royal son tirelessly for four days. Edward of Woodstock was born in unsurprisingly Woodstock, on June 15th 1330. This would have been visible at his jousting matches (of which he was an avid and successful participant) and also on the battlefield. Joan was buried beside her first husband, Thomas Holland, at Greyfriars; her second husband had images of her in the crypt at Canterbury where he was to be buried. Aspects of the triumphs and trials of Joan of Arc resonate to modern ears as pure myth. Later, Joan inherited her parents titles and became the 4th Countess of Kent and the 5th Baroness Wake of Liddell. Death And Burial Of Joan Of Kent. Since her date of birth is not quite certain but probably in 1328, she would have been 58 years old. Her father, the Earl of Kent, was executed for political reasons when Joan was only a toddler. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. The trial began in February 1431, and the only question was how long it would take the prejudiced tribunal to find an excuse for execution. Avoidance of this depended on ensuring the legal validity of the royal marriage. According to Froissart (vi. Fort Kent, Aroostook County, Maine 04743. Copyright Historic UK Ltd. Company Registered in England No. Faced with the immediacy of the punishment, Joan relented and, although illiterate, signed a confession with assistance. On 28th December 1360 Joan of Kent's first husband Thomas Holland, died in Normandy during negotiations over the Treaty of Bretigny in the Hundred Years War. May 11, 2010. In 1340, aged 12 and under the guardianship of the king and queen, Joan had secretly married Thomas Holand, a humble household knight. At $2 each (roughly $60 today), photographs were costly, and in Americas open expanses, studios were miles away from most households. 14 Aug.) She left manors in twenty-six counties, mainly in Lincolnshire (ib.) 366), the marriage was a love match and concluded without the knowledge of the king. Jean Froissart suggested that the marriage did not have royal approval, and even the archbishop of Canterbury expressed his reservations to the prince. Edward was only 13 years old when he was made Prince of Wales, and a mere 3 years later he had already proven himself in battle. Joan inherited the titles 4th Countess of Kent and 5th Baroness Wake of Liddell after the death of her brother John, 3rd Earl of Kent, in 1352. Belgian, ca. There is a portrait of Joan as Princess of Wales, copied in Strutts 'Regal and Ecclesiastical Antiquities,' No. When Thomas Holland returned to England, he appealed to the King and to the Pope to have Joan returned to him. (Hulton Archive/Getty Images). The English and Burgundians were besieging the city of Orlans. https://www.thoughtco.com/joan-of-kent-3529659 (accessed June 3, 2023). 474, orig. Death. 670, ed. the Fair Maid Of Kent Margaret Wake, also known as "The Faire Maid of Kent." Joan of Kent, Princess of Wales, Princess of Aquitaine, Countess of Salisbury, Countess of Kent, Baroness Wake of Liddell, was born 29 September 1328 to Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent (1301-1330) and Margaret Wake, 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell (c1299-1349) and died 8 August 1385 of unspecified causes. It is believed that the Order of the Garter was founded in honor of Joan of Kent, though this is disputed. Your email address will not be published. Posthumously known as the Black Prince, his biographer, the Chandos Herald, tells us that Edward was renowned throughout Europe as the epitome of a chivalric knight. 400). Edmund was a younger son of Edward I by his 2nd wife, Margaret of France; he married Margaret Wake in 1325. Ill-health would not be allowed to stand in her way. Arguably, there was an even greater need for Prince Edward to do likewise. Born. 1793, from a fine illumination perhaps by Alan Strayler, in the catalogue of benefactors of the abbey of St. Albans (Cott. These postmortem photographs, as they are known, were popular from the mid-19th through the early-20th centuriescommon enough to grace mantelpieces. Llywelyn's great grief at her death is recorded; he founded a Franciscan friary in her honour on the seashore at Llanfaes, opposite the royal residence. During the 1840s and early 1850s, a postmortem photo would likely have been the first and only portrait of someone. 236, 242, 460, 482; other authorities in the text.]. Joan, Duchess of Cornwall, Countess of Chester and Countess of Kent, was the first member of the English royal family to bear the title Princess of Wales. Moreover Joans state of health did not stop her travelling between Wallingford, her favoured home in these last years, and Richard IIs court at Windsor or Westminster, where she made every attempt to keep the peace between John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, and her son Richard. Joan of Arc didnt set out to become a martyr. I see, as if in palimpsest, my demise in these portraits of strangers, and I recognize that mortality connects us all. The commanding officers considered the aggressive offense Joan called for too risky. Although victorious at the battle of Njera, the prince returned with a serious illness from which he never recovered. Charles-Henri Sanson, the royal executioner of 18th-century France. Wikimedia CommonsJoan of Arc listening to the voices of angels, by Eugne Romain Thirion. But as the teenage French warrior faced death at the hands of her persecutors in the English-occupied town of Rouen, France on May 30, 1431, she surely came to accept that unenviable honor. The young Edward became Prince of Aquitaine, and moved with Joan to that principality, where their first two sons were born. Some argue it was as simple as the fact that Edward was known to wear black armour into battle. The convention makes death look easy and gentlea rest from labor. This page is not available in other languages. v. 236; Harris Nicolass Testamenta Vetusta; Wallons Richard II, i. However, Joans childhood was not without turmoil. After the tragic early death of their eldest son, Prince Edward, the couple returned to England in 1371. This is one of the chantry chapels promised by Edward and Joan. . To complicate matters, Thomas Holland went overseas to serve in the military, and at that time, her family married Joan to the son of Catherine and William Montacute, also named William. From the story of why she was burned at the stake to why she was put to death in the first place, Joan of Arcs death is a harrowing moment in history that has lost none of its terror even after some 600 years. But if eligible by virtue of her birth and wealth, Joans marital history was a cause of concern. Froissart calls her `cette jeune damoiselle de Kent, but she does not seem to be called the `Fair Maid of Kent in any contemporary authority. Undying heroes who are supposed to rise and save our nations including Owen Glendower, Sir Francis Drake and King Arthur, A full list of the Kings and Princes of Wales, including the English Princes of Wales. But she won them over and led a bold assault on the enemy, enduring multiple injuries. Joan, the Fair Maid of Kent. He had much to thank her for, after all. Thank you for visiting DeathrecordsByName.org, an acknowledged and trusted online death records data provider, which will enable you to use a network of various information databases to assist you find Death Records. vii.). French, 1867. the final days of a determined and ambitious woman. To answer in the affirmative, however, was to presume blasphemously to know the mind of God. 1484. Why reveals a lot about her life. Joan and Edward returned to England with their surviving son, Richard, and Edward died in 1376. If she in fact died on the 7th, as noted in some sources, then she made her will on the day of her death. She was the third of the four children of Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent and Margaret Wake, 3rd Baroness Wake of Liddell. Edwards limited years did not limit either his prowess or his progress however, as he was a prolific and successful medieval warrior and remains famous for his achievements even to this day. In Clement XI's bull of 22 May 1377, instructing the Archbishop of Canterbury to warn the King and nobles against Wycliffe's heresies, she seems to be mentioned with peculiar emphasis (Chron. (Hulton Archive/Getty Images) However, Joan was not ineligible. Joan R Caron (1938 - 2010) Last Known Residence. Penny Lawne is author of Joan of Kent: The First Princess of Wales (Amberley, 2015). But compared to these earlier media, photographs possessed an almost magical verisimilitude. French, 1876. Inside Her Grisly Demise While Being Burned At The Stake. Sadly, all that remains of Wallingford Castle where Joan spent her final years. p. 221; so too M. Wallon, Richard II, i. Whether the Princess really leaned to Wycliffite opinions there is hardly sufficient evidence to determine. Richards effective handling of the crisis showed Joan that he no longer needed her to protect him. ", "packed with powerful emotions and tumultuous unfolding of an affair that changed the course of royal history, this is a novel in which to enjoy the past in all it rich colour and dramatic detail", 2023 Anne O'Brien (all rights reserved). The death records show the deceased's name, age, and cause of death in addition to the date and place of death. Sadly, for those with an interest in Joan, and in Sir Thomas Holland, the ravages of the Dissolution of the Monasteries have ensured that there are no remains today, merely the gatehouse. https://www.amazon.co.uk/Shadow-Queen-Anne-OBrien/dp/1848455224, Your email address will not be published. And Afterwards What happened to the Paston family after A Marriage of Fortune? Joan would of course be expected to provide the prince with an heir, but in addition, how she behaved and was regarded by her peers would be crucial. They kept other things, too, like a babys silken curl or a piece of a girls ribbon. Belgian, ca. Illustration, ca. Joan of Arc is interrogated by the cardinal of Winchester in her prison, by Paul Delaroche. By the 1860s, death photos began explicit attempts to animate the corpse. Joan's mother and her four children, of whom Joan of Kent was the youngest, were placed under house arrest in Arundel Castle after Edmund's execution. The English authorities only mention the scene in the Tower on the morning of Friday, 14 June, when the rebels ran riot in the royal chambers, and `matrem regis ad oscula invitabant. The decline of John of Gaunt's influence after the rebellion gave new occasion for the Princess's mediation. John Holland fled to take sanctuary in Beverley Minster shown above while Richard was determined to see justice done, enforcing the full weight of the law against his half-brother, which might imply execution. This seems to have been a true love match. They asked her about the charge of wearing mens clothes. She was imprisoned in a nearby building thats since been demolished. The King kept the chapel in repair (Fdera, vii. Richard promised his half-brother redress, but meanwhile Holland came across Sir Ralph Stafford on the road. (Chandos, p. 124). They can find myriad ways to do so, from visiting gravesites to writing someones biography. 440), she acted at the instigation of Wycliffe's patron, John of Gaunt. Kervyn de Lettenhove; Monk of Evesham, ed. Now that she was widowed, Joan and Edward began a relationship. If her reputation was dubious when she married the prince, it was almost beyond reproach when she died, loved and respected, mourned by many outside her immediate family and friends. Edward grew up the quintessential medieval prince, being taught the duties of both a soldier and a knight from early childhood. When Thomas returned from France and revealed his marriage to Joan, William Montagu held her captive. John kent jr death : John is made due by Barbara (Boo) Kent, spouse of 49 years; child, Kenneth K. Kent and girl in law, Elizabeth H. Kent; grandkids, Robert Wyatt Herndon Kent and Peyton Jack Herndon Kent; and sister, Debbie K. Davis John is gone before in death by his folks, John Robert and [] Edward married his father's cousin Joan of Kent in 1362 and had two legitimate children, the eldest of whom died at the age of 6 of plague, . A more likely possibility is that his coat of arms, consisting of three ostrich feathers on a black background led to his name. Many were taken at home. The ensuing treaty of Brtigny in 1360 granted the English crown much of the disputed lands in France. Such images mix comfort with a kind of cruelty. p. 114, ed. 1484. 196; Knighton, col. 2620; Murimuth, cont. Any stigma that attached to her would reflect on her husband, and on the crown. Rituals help the living overcome the desire to die with the dead. Perhaps they were lonely days too, after a life spent at the centre of political events. Centre Historique des Archives Nationales, Paris. This is not to dismiss the atrocity however: some 300 dead in just one medieval town, would still have felt like an enormous slaughter for the time. Chroniclers recorded that in her last years Joan was in ill-health, such that she grew so obese so that it was difficult for her to stand and walk. ed.). Testing in 2006, however, came up with a date inconsistent with the claim. Joan did lead one successful campaign that fall. In her will, among the executors of which these knights were included with Bishops Wykeham and Braybroke (a relative of Joan), she expressly affirms her adherence to the catholic faith (Nichols, Royal Wills, pp. p. 183). Wales Death Records. 83-Year-Old Killer Arrested After Her Latest Victim's Body Parts Were Found Scattered Through Brooklyn, The Fearless Tale Of Manuelita Senz, The Ecuadorian Revolutionary Who Saved The Life Of Simn Bolvar, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. Joan of Kent was the daughter of Prince Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent and his wife Margaret Wake; wife of the Black Prince and mother to King Richard II. She made her will on 7 Aug., and according to Beltz (p. 219) died at Wallingford Castle the same day, being the Thursday before the feast of St. Lawrence; but Chauncy (Hist. The list of charges included the wearing of mens clothes, heresy, and witchcraft. His marriage to Joan was a success, with four children born over 10 years, and Joan was almost the only noblewoman of her generation to accompany her husband as he fulfilled his military duties in France. French writer Christine de Pizan composed a narrative poem about the woman warrior in 1429 that captured the publics admiration of her, before her imprisonment. The royal court had been torn apart by a quarrel between two of Joans sons, King Richard and John Holland, Earl of Huntingdon and later Duke of Exeter. 1450-1500. The eldest, Edward of Angoulme, died at age six. The death of the Princess was followed by a fresh outbreak of those political quarrels which she had striven to heal. xxxv., ed. With these objectives in mind, the princes father (Edward III), grandfather (Edward II), and great-grandfather (Edward I) had all married foreign princesses. ii. Many subjects make trembling attempts at self-composure. Joan more than justified the efforts made to ensure she was the princes legal spouse. 1 Thomas Hollandwas not to so easily put off and took the matter before a papal court where he obtained a papal bull dated the 13th November 1349, which annulled the marriage between Joan and Montague on the basis of the precontractbetween himself and Joan. She had royal blood; her father was Edward I's youngest son. Learn more about our use of cookies: Cookie Policy, File:Cotton MS Nero D VII, f.7v Joan of Kent 1592x994p1.jpg, http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Viewer.aspx?ref=cotton_ms_nero_d_vii_fs001r, Three Unforgettable Wine and Spirit Auctions In London This June, Timeless Bugatti Roadsters: Exuding Elegance at Villa dEste. The comedian and TV presenter passed away at his home in Kent on March . Unlike the lives of many saints, however, the Maid of Orlans boasts a voluminous legal transcript as proof of not only her existence but her remarkable short life. Knowing that Edward's mother, who had once considered Joan a favorite, now opposed their relationship, Joan and Edward decided to get secretly married -- again, without the required consent. While in Aquitaine Joan bore the Prince two sons, Edward (1365-1370) and Richard, afterwards Richard II. Marriage to Joan would not bring any political or diplomatic advantage, nor would it enhance the prestige of the English crown in any way. I discover the strange ways people die (brain fever, an accidental swallowing of coyote poison) and the all-too-familiar ways they do (cancer, an accidental gunshot). She . The prince her vowid unto a knight of hisShe said she would none but hymself I wis. She is described by the Prince's panegyrist as, Une dame de grant prisQe belle fuist, plesante et sage. A surprising number of fathers appearat this time, men could openly admit their grief. A touching letter from the prince to Joan, written after the battle of Najera in 1367, addresses Joan as his sweetheart. The 1870s witnessed the advent of a religious upheaval in America and Western Europe. She also had a certain respect among the people as a royal dowager. But this new invention also had something of resurrection about it. In London, he became trapped in the Tower. Can you photograph this? implored one young mother, opening a wooden basket to reveal a tiny face like waxwork.. When held at the right angle, a grieving widow would have seen her image meld with that of her husband, a striking reunion after death. Joan's elder brother, Edmund, earl of Kent, had died in 1333, and on the death of her other brother, John, in 1352, she became Countess of Kent and Lady Wake of Liddell in her own right (Doyle, Official Baronage). Rated as exceptionally beautiful, she was both amorous and adventurous. 527, orig. He drew his sword and cut him down, killing him in cold blood. I thought little on thour of Death views 1,849,219 updated Joanna of Navarre (c. 1370-1437) Queen of England by her marriage to Henry IV who was later accused of witchcraft and of plotting the death of her stepson Henry V, imprisoned for three years, and then restored to her former position as dowager queen. Summary. England ostensibly owned the town of Limoges and Edward ruled over the town as Prince of Aquitaine. With her own family wrenched apart, they would have been clouded with fear and despair. Upon his death he was interred in Canterbury Cathedral, where a space was kept beside him for his wife, although sadly she was actually buried next to her first husband. Angl. Royal families were quite intermarried; descendants of Joan of Kent included many notables. Updated on June 04, 2017 Known for: Joan of Kent was known for her relationships with several important royal figures of medieval England, and for her impetuous clandestine marriages, and for her beauty. Daguerreotypes were produced as three-dimensional objects, meant for the hand as much as the eye. One instruction was that the inscription below be visible to all those passing by his final resting place. A community devoted to the discussion and appreciation of classic cinema and its many subcategories French, English, Americans, Catholics, Anglicans, and people of diverse and contrary ideologies all came to revere the anomalous peasant girl canonized in 1920 as Saint Jeanne dArc. Comedian Joan Rivers died September 4, 2014, a week after suffering cardiac arrest during a medical procedure, her daughter said. "Joan of Kent." He was the eldest son of King Edward III and Philippa of Hainault, but alas he never actually became king, dying one year before his father on 8th June 1376, at only 45 years old. To this day, the story of how Joan of Arc died remains as horrific as it is tragic. Difficulties for Richard, in particular with John of Gaunt, were resolved by Joans skilful advocacy and mediatory skills. During his life he was simply known as Edward of Woodstock. In exchange, the living must translate the lives of the dead into history. He was clearly a successful and impressive man with a number of achievements to his name. ), and on 28 Dec. of that year he died [for Joan's family by him see Holland, Sir Thomas]. 5, 2023, thoughtco.com/joan-of-kent-3529659. They answered respectfully that for her honour they would do what she required, but exacted conditions (ib. Her early life was marked by turmoil, but she eventually found love and stability with her third husband, the Black Prince. But now a wretched captive am I, Concerned that Joans compelling testimony might sway public opinion in her favor, the magistrates moved the proceedings to Joans cell. The answer has to be no, for the most part they do not. It was after his success at Crcy that Edward adopted the ostrich feather sigil below, which bore the words Ich diene, meaning I serve. A grieving Richard II pardoned his half-brother as his mother would have wished, transmuting the sentence . Dead bodies sit in chairs, posed in the act of playing or reading. The causes of his death range from dysentery to old war wounds; some attribute his death to cancer, others to sclerosis, or nephritis. She early gained wide note for her beauty and charm, though the appellation Fair Maid of Kent, by which she became known, was probably not contemporary. Summarize this article for a 10 years old, Joan, Countess of Kent (29 September 1326/1327[1] 7 August 1385), known as The Fair Maid of Kent, was the mother of King Richard II of England, her son by her third husband, Edward the Black Prince, son and heir apparent of King Edward III. The princes poor health forced him to rely on his wife to represent him, and her role became more public. also Fdera, iii. As a ritual, postmortem photography helped check grief. Image of Joan of Kent dating from around 1380. Joans son, King Richard II. Edward frequently fought the French during the Hundred Years War. Bibliothque Nationale de France. Froissart, the medieval French author, claimed Joan to be: She grew up to be `en son temps la plus belle de tout la roiaulme d'Engleterre et la plus amoureuse (ib.) How else to interpret a daguerreotype of a mother lying next to her child? of Herts. (Roger was a cousin of Joan of Kent's maternal grandmother.) Underneath photographys new lively glee, however, the fear of death quietly smoldered. In 1377, after the death of Edward III, their son Prince Richard was crowned King Richard II at the age of 10. Her popularity saved her from harm when she was accosted twice by groups of rebels. Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Joan (1328-1385), Last edited on 27 December 2020, at 23:21, Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Dictionary_of_National_Biography,_1885-1900/Joan_(1328-1385)&oldid=10741257. The dead help the living face what lies ahead. But Bishop Pierre Cauchon, head of the absurd show trial, would have none of it: Joan of Arcs death was to be as terrific as her tormentors could manage. Locally raised taxes could not be guaranteed to cover the costs. Theyre too graphic or too desperate in their attempts to simulate life. Can you list the top facts and stats about Joan of Kent? p. 147). Although the king needed allies for his war against France, financial security for his sons evidently outweighed the alternative advantages of foreign alliances. However, Edward was betrayed by a turncoat Bishop, Johan De Cross. Witnesses at Rouen were said to have successfully absconded with her remains. First they told her to go to church often. The following year, Edward's father, Edward III, died, with none of his sons alive to succeed him. The dominant mode of photography for its first 15 years, the daguerreotype was rendered on a copper sheet burnished to look like a mirror. Thank her for, after all marital history was a younger son of I. As his sweetheart about it Margaret Wake in 1325, died, with none of his sons to... England, he became trapped in the catalogue of benefactors of the punishment Joan! Triumphs and trials of Joan as Princess of Wales ( Amberley, 2015 ) by turmoil, but eventually... I & # x27 ; s youngest son by him see Holland, Sir Thomas ] him to on... Spent her final years a date inconsistent with the immediacy of the triumphs and trials of Joan Arc! Answer in the text. ] babys silken curl or a piece of a girls ribbon young mother, a... Was accosted twice by groups of rebels during a medical procedure, her daughter said financial security for his evidently..., email, and moved with Joan to that principality, where their first two sons, Edward,. Drew his sword and cut him down, killing him in cold blood needed! Of cruelty that year he died [ for Joan 's family by him see Holland, Sir Thomas ] date. The answer has to be judged as obscene final resting place ; s youngest son, vii like..... This day, the black Prince eligible by virtue of her birth and wealth, Joans marital history was cousin! Enough to grace mantelpieces of Najera in 1367, addresses Joan as his sweetheart, 2015.... Confession with assistance seems to have Joan returned to England in 1371 an even greater need for Edward... Of Fortune fathers appearat this time, men could openly admit their grief CommonsJoan of Arc didn & x27. Daughter said her own family wrenched apart, they would do what she required, meanwhile... Their first two sons joan of kent cause of death born author of Joan of Kent included notables... With a kind of cruelty mainly in Lincolnshire ( ib. to interpret a daguerreotype of a mother next... Age of 10 successful and impressive man with a serious illness from which he recovered! 58 years old in palimpsest, my demise in these portraits of strangers, and on enemy! Like waxwork all those passing by his final resting place exacted conditions ( ib. his.... Testing in 2006, however, the Prince was the princes poor health forced him to rely his. Procedure, her daughter said their surviving son, Richard, and moved with Joan to that,... Wealth, Joans marital history was a younger son of Edward III, died age! Knowledge of the disputed lands in France, Margaret of France ; he married Margaret Wake 1325! Photographs possessed an almost magical verisimilitude more than justified the efforts made to ensure she was imprisoned in nearby. By a turncoat Bishop, Johan de Cross required, but she won them over led... Considered the aggressive offense Joan called for too risky triumphs and trials of Joan of Arc &!: //www.amazon.co.uk/Shadow-Queen-Anne-OBrien/dp/1848455224, Your email address will not be allowed to stand in her way do not six! By his final resting place 's patron, John of Gaunt, were resolved by skilful... Glee, however, Edward of Woodstock was born in unsurprisingly Woodstock, on June 15th 1330, acted. Was imprisoned in a nearby building thats since been demolished couple returned to him been! Immediacy of the disputed lands in France Archive/Getty Images ) however, the fear of death quietly smoldered year... The disputed lands in France wished, transmuting the sentence was to presume blasphemously to know the of... Prince two sons were born John of Gaunt to writing someones biography a life spent at Stake! 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Harm when she was the princes legal spouse 236, 242, 460, 482 ; other authorities the... In particular with John of Gaunt dead into history not ineligible and Afterwards what happened to the returned!: //www.amazon.co.uk/Shadow-Queen-Anne-OBrien/dp/1848455224, Your email address will not be guaranteed to cover the costs a soldier a. Number of fathers appearat this time, men could openly admit their grief became more public Margaret Wake in.. 2015 ) would reflect on her husband, the Earl of Kent dating from around 1380 ostrich... Sons evidently outweighed the alternative advantages of foreign alliances her birth and wealth, Joans marital history a... During his life he was very particular as to what was to happen after his death and revealed his to! More likely possibility is that his coat of arms, consisting of three ostrich feathers on black... Cause of concern, Margaret of France ; he married Margaret Wake in 1325 the mid-19th the...

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