Dairy Sci. I know this because my father supervises some of the largest slaughter houses and meat maufacturers in Australia which export to many countries. What is Halal Slaughter in Australia? The Holy Quran, Surah Al- Anam (6): Verse 38. OJ L.3, 144. The animal must be permissible/Halal for Muslims to eat. Available online: Council Regulation (EC) No 1099/2009 of 24 September 2009 on the Protection of Animals at the Time of Killing. BBC News There have been calls for clearer labelling of halal products in shops, restaurants and takeaways. According to Imam Shaf ii, whether one neglects to The determination of the Halal Critical Points (HCP) is one of the key elements that need to be implemented in the implementation of HAS. Bonne, K.; Verbeke, W. Religious values informing halal meat production and the control and delivery of halal credence quality. ; Sterrenburg, P.; van Ruth, S.M. ONeill, H.; Webb, E.; Frylinck, L.; Strydom, P. Effects of short and extended fasting periods and cattle breed on glycogenolysis, sarcomere shortening and Warner-Bratzler shear force. Sharina Binti Shariff, Nurul Hidayah Binti Mat Noor and Mohd Sufian Bin Abdul Kadir (2012). Pre-slaughter and slaughter stressors are considered major concerns in animal welfare. CAS Available online: Standing Committee on Agriculture and Resource Management (SCARM) Livestock at Slaughtering Establishments: Report 79. Proceedings of the 3rd International Halal Conference (INHAC 2016) pp 259271Cite as. The animal is taken away from other animals so no other animal witnesses the slaughter. The way the slaughtering process is carried out is of significant importance for both human health and safety, as well as the quality of the meat. 75, 28922898. Effects of different slaughter methods on bleeding sheep. most exciting work published in the various research areas of the journal. 0000000656 00000 n Ceranic, S.; Bozinovic, N. Possibilities and significance of HAS implementation (halal assurance system) in existing quality system in food industry. Arch Geflgelk ;71:3540. mentioned over the animal before slaughtering, the meat of Derived from the Koran, the law governing Halal slaughter stipulates that the name of Allah (or God) should be mentioned at the initiation of the operation, and that in the exercise . Griffin DR 1981 The question of animal awareness. J. Biotechnol. Biol. The needs for a better quality meat product lead to modernization in. 0000008038 00000 n ; von Wenzlawowicz, M.; von Holleben, K. Blood in the respiratory tract during slaughter with and without stunning in cattle. 18, 574627. ; Restle, J.; Pascoal, L.L. ; Hadley, P.J. CAB International, Walingford, 306. Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Guidelines for Ritual Slaughter of Food Animals without Pre-Slaughter Stunning. Neck cutting is used for halal slaughter to sever both carotid arteries and jugular veins in the upper neck, often behind the mandibles, on cattle, sheep, rabbits, and poultry. Assessing Halalan-Toyyiban food supply chain in the poultry industry. Conceptualisation F.A.A.A. Sci. Hopefully this has been an eye opening journey for you as you have gotten a chance to understand what makes food halal alongside getting to know more about the process of Halal meat slaughter of animals such as sheep/lambs. ; Sazili, A.Q. ; Milbradt, E.L.; Fernandes, B.C.S. invocation means pronouncing the name of God ; Adeyemi, K.D. Any shortcomings and weaknesses in its regulation can lead to non-compliance of Malaysian Halal Certification Procedure Manual which ultimately affect the consumers. Grandin T (2005) Maintenance of good animal welfare standards in beef slaughter plants by use of auditing programs. 0000003902 00000 n The Invocation. ; Aghwan, Z.A. Advances in the industrial production of halal and kosher red meat. Halal and kosher meat production practices. Meat Sci 92(4):506510, Yaqoob A (2010) Maayee Al Halal Wal Haram. volume50,pages 17331738 (2018)Cite this article. Halal and kosher slaughter per se should not affect meat quality more than their industrial equivalents, however, some of their associated pre- and post-slaughter processes do. Meat Sci 110:310314, Grandin T (1994) Euthanasia and slaughter of livestock. Part of Springer Nature. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. (regardless of whether it is hand-slaughter or machine-slaughter), the animal would be lawful (halal) to consume. 131 18 Halal food production. 0000003296 00000 n EU Commission DG Sanco. vessels to enable the blood to flow immediately Albrigth JL and Arave CW 1997 The behavior of cattle. say Bismillah intentionally or unintentionally before permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. Meat Sci 88(1):158168, Brambell Report (1965) Report of the technical committee to enquire into the welfare of animals kept under intensive livestock husbandry systems. ; Leach, T.M. the omission is unintentional, the meat is halal. Meat Sci 85:531536, von Bargen C, Dojahn J, Waidelich D, Humpf HU, Brockmeyer J (2013) New sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry method for the detection of horse and pork in halal beef. hollow of the neck. Behav. 3. You can also get them from supermarkets like NTUC Fairprice and Giant. Meat Sci 95:352361, Nakyinsige K, Man YB, Sazili AQ (2012) Halal authenticity issues in meat and meat products. * Halal meat comes from animals which have better lives than most livestock. The person can be of either sex. Halal slaughtering is part of total halal integrity system. In: Asiatic Water Buffalo. The spinal cord must not be cut. (2012). Kohilavani, E.; Zzaman, W.; Febrianto, N.A. Boivin X, Nowak R, Le Neindre P, Tournadre H and Le Neindre P 1997 Discrimination between shepherds by lambs reared under artificial conditions. Slaughtering of Animal and Processing of their Products, Halal Certification and on animal stunning, Students Last Name 1Banning Halal; Act of Aggression towards .docx, Islam and social work ppp chapter 1 and 2, Ihsan for Muslim Professionals Short Course, HALAL SLAUGHTERING ; Norbaiyah, B.; Sazili, A.Q. A prayer to Allah is recited during the procedure. 27, 503510. Practices that were adopted in the past are not used today and what we consider satisfactory today may not be suitable in the future. You must meet all of the following requirements for halal and kosher religious slaughter: it must take place in a slaughterhouse (abattoir) approved by the Food Standards Agency ( FSA) it. Zan Linsen. Sabow, A.; Nakyinsige, K.; Adeyemi, K.; Sazili, A.; Johnson, C.; Webster, J.; Farouk, M. High frequency pre-slaughter electrical stunning in ruminants and poultry for halal meat production: A review. Zakaria, Z. that are the cause of several diseases leaves the carcass. ; Bekhit, A.E.D. Available online: Food Regulation Standing Committee (FRSC). The conditions for Halal slaughter can be summarized as follows: The animal to be slaughtered must be from the categories that are permitted for Muslims to eat. Sofos and A.L. Traditionally, camels used to be slayed by (Eds. Anim. Department of Islamic Development Malaysia. We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience. ; Knowles, T.G. Can. Although there is no clear unified opinion among the Islamic sects, reversible stunning of animals is generally accepted. Halal stunning and slaughter: Criteria for the assessment of dead animals. Recently, greater attention has been paid to the halal meat industry due to the increased size of the Muslim community in Europe; the opportunity of producing and exporting meat and meat products to the Islamic world; and the ease of delivery, trade and transport. The Determination of Halal Critical Point in Halal Certified Chicken Slaughterhouses and Its Significance. Muslim. In halal meat industry, the system covers. say Bismillah intentionally or unintentionally. Zakaria, Z. cut in addition to the jugular veins and the carotid Let us now discuss the name of the process of Halal slaughtering. ; methodology F.A.A.A. methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. Clients, consumers and customers perceptionon Halal implementation in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Brunei. Gregory, N.; Von Wenzlawowicz, M.; Von Holleben, K.; Fielding, H.; Gibson, T.; Mirabito, L.; Kolesar, R. Complications during shechita and halal slaughter without stunning in cattle. esophagus while leaving the spinal cord intact compared with Western method stunning using a captive pistol method before slaughtering using an EEG and ECG (where electrodes were surgically implanted to various parts of the skull) allowing to monitor the brain and heart throughout. Two exsanguination methods are commonly used in slaughterhouses. Muslim Slaughtered - the slaughtering process must be conducted by a practicing Muslim who is of sound mind and who has the explicit intention of performing a slaughter. 86:156161. The most universally accepted basic principle for halal certification is everything is halal except ABCD IS haram (non-halal). Phillips CJC 1993 Cattle behaviour. 1. 3R `j[~ : w! Animal must be of sound mind and an adult 0000007874 00000 n Muhamad Mazuan Razaly . Chapter Deoband, India, 1968. pp. ; Al-Mazeedi, H.M.; Sabow, A.B. Techniques and Hygiene Practices in Slaughtering and Meat Handling. Anim. and I.S. Boca Raton: CRC Press. But what is halal food? 5, 169178. Anil, M.H. If a person lacks or Benzertiha, A.; Kieroczyk, B.; Rawski, M.; Jzefiak, A.; Mazurkiewicz, J.; Jzefiak, D.; Messikh, M.S. Schilling, M.W. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Bailey DW, Gross JE, Laca EA, Rittenhouse LR, Coughenour MB and Swift DM 1996. (2004). (Tesis Kedoktoran, Jabatan Fiqh dan Usul, Akademi Pengajian Islam, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur). The animal must be alive at the time of slaughter. point just below the glottis and the base of the See further details. Iowa State University, Ames. 4. Pre-slaughter and slaughter stressors are considered major concerns in animal welfare. Answer: Halal is an Arabic word meaning lawful or permitted. The chapter covers the details of religious practices, halal food production requirements, prohibited foods, Islamic perspectives and Sharia'a principles, halal requirements of animals, slaughterer, slaughtering tools, slaughter process, etc. Rahman, M. N. A., & Shaarani, S. M. (2012). Doores, S., 2005. %PDF-1.4 % and after the glottis for long necked animals. PubMedGoogle Scholar. According to Imam Malik, if the name of God is not Recent concerns about stunning and slaughter. The appropriate restraint of animals prior to slaughter is extremely important in order to conduct the slaughtering process properly, especially for halal slaughter without stunning. Halalan Toyyiban Assurance Pipeline- Part 1: Management System Requirements for Transportation of Goods and/or Cargo Chain Services, Jabatan Standard Malaysia. Malaysian Protocol for the Halal Meat and Poultry Productions. ; Martins, M.R.F.B. Globalisation and new technologies have both negative and positive effects on the practical application of the rules and laws of halal meat production. The efficacy of pulsed ultrahigh current for the stunning of cattle prior to slaughter. Department of Shariah and Law, Academy of Islamic Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Muhamad Mazuan Razaly,Zalina Zakaria,Siti Zubaidah Ismail&Aspiyati Jusoh, You can also search for this author in It laid the basic foundation in Muslim dietary rules. In general, and according to Islamic principles, only Muslims or People of the Book (Christians and Jews) that are familiar with the Islamic procedure of animal slaughtering (ritual slaughter) can perform it. According to Islamic rites, meat or poultry is considered halal when the slaughtering process meets the following criteria: i. Lamb is one of the animals that are considered Halal to consume. Alvarado CZ, Richards MP, O Keefe SF, Wang H. 2007 The effect of blood removal on oxidation and shelf of broiler breast meat. Effects of pre-slaughter fasting on broiler welfare, meat quality, and intestinal integrity. (2013). The accuracy of the incision could be negatively affected during halal slaughter if animals panic or are agitated by the restraint [ 53 ]. The question is, how food industries can implement this system to meet the guidelines. All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. Guidelines for halal assurance management system of Malaysia halal certification. Qf Ml@DEHb!(`HPb0dFJ|yygs{. Price excludes VAT (USA) Available online: Marahrens, M.; von Richtofen, I.; Schmeidduch, S.; Hartung, J. J. Anim. ; Lambooij, J.B.; Pleiter, H.; Yesildere, T.; et al. 120:10251030. This study may contribute towards consideration being given to technology that is not in conflict with the religious legislation, while at the same time meeting the requirements of the modern meat industry. J Agric Food Chem 57(5):17211726, Farouk MM, Al-Mazeedi HM, Sabow AB, Bekhit AED, Adeyemi KD, Sazili AQ, Ghani A (2014) Halal and kosher slaughter methods and meat quality: a review. The Halal slaughtering process. <<675348E4C62DA049A112DFA3D2C0C776>]>> therefore not to be severed completely. Grandin T 1999 Behavioral Principles of Handling Livestock update. 39 rue, Claude-Bernard, France: Ligue Franaise des Droits de Animal. It should be identified, controlled and monitored to prevent and mitigate potential threats to halal along the food supply chain. ; Dalla Costa, F.A. ; Mellor, D.J. The perception and acceptability of pre-slaughter and post-slaughter stunning for halal production: The views of UK Islamic scholars and halal consumers. Hollenben, K.V. 17(6), 11971203. J Americ Vet Medic Ass 204:13541360, CAS Efficient halal bleeding, animal handling, and welfare: A holistic approach for meat quality. WWW.WAY2HALAL.COM. Velarde, A.; Gispert, M.; Diestre, A.; Manteca, X. Scientific Report of the Scientific Panel for Animal Health and Welfare on a request from the Commission related to welfare aspects of animal stunning and killing methods. HATTI, p 138, Zakaria Z (2008) Tapping into the world halal market: some discussions on Malaysian laws and standards. but not severing the jugular vein. ; Gregory, N.G. The effect of pre-stun shocks in electrical water-bath stunners on carcase and meat quality in broilers. Dohi H Yamada A and Entsu S 1991 Cattle feeding deterrents emitted from cattle feces. It does provide recognition of quality and safe product through the concept of halalan toyyiban for the entire supply chain, from farm to fork. Branen (Ed.). ; Marcia Vaz, M.; Farias, G.D. Genetic group and horns presence in bruises and economic losses in cattle carcasses. 1996-2023 MDPI (Basel, Switzerland) unless otherwise stated. Jurnal Syariah, Jil. Kamri, N. O. R. A. Ahmad Hidayat Buang and Zulzaidi Mahmod. ; funding acquisition, G.B. The main religious laws in the area of halal meat production were legislated in ancient times and may be unchangeable due to their sanctity perceived by faithful Muslims, while the modern technology used in the meat industry is constantly evolving and being updated. 0 Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 5(2015), 5056 (www.textroad.com). Manual prosedur pensijilan halal malaysia (Semakan Ketiga) 2014. https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess. &f QC 2+sddlSv Grandin T 2003 Distress in Animals: Is it Fear, Pain or Physical Stress? Special problems of long-distance road transport of cattle. Animal must be extremely sharp to facilitate It remains to be seen if some of them will find a use in the Halal meat slaughtering process in the future (Nakyinsige et al., 2013). Khan, R., Guo, H., Raza, S.H.A. Antimicrobials in Food, 3rd Edn., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. Afr. Rushen J, De Passill AMB and Munksgaard L 1999 Fear of people by cows and effects on milk yield, behavior, and heart rate at milking. Based on its six key elements, this system could help the food industry adhere to the regulation in a more systematic manner. [PubMed], Article 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic. The global population of Muslims reached to 1.8 billion in 2017, and their population is increasing annually [, all animals slaughtered without the name of Allah being pronounced on them, primates, reptiles (except spiny-tailed lizards) and amphibians, donkeys, mules (horses are not forbidden) and, only aquatic animals that are harmful to human health. Physiol. It is clear that the Islamic rules on the process of halal slaughter were intended to fulfil two main requirements: safe food for the consumer, and a quick, humane, and relatively painless death for the animal. used to perform Stunning The xref Mendona, F.S. In this review, empathy and animal welfare are discussed in light of Islamic sharia and has further linked with animal's . Siti Fatimah Hamidon and Ahmad Hidayat Buang. The pre- and post-slaughter practices involved in halal and kosher production of red meat have been recently reviewed ( Farouk, 2013) and are compared ( Table 2) and pictorially represented together with poultry slaughter practices in Fig. 45), 45 September 2012. Developing control points for halal slaughtering of poultry. Food Res Int 60:1929, Soares S, Amaral JS, Mafra I, Oliveira MBPP (2010) Quantitative detection of poultry meat adulteration with pork by a duplex PCR assay. Available online: Pereira, R.E.P. The technological means of the meat industry are constantly evolving to meet the requirements of the present day and may sometimes be inconsistent with ancient religious norms. Dewell, G. Heat Stress in Beef Cattle. In International Halal Conference 2012 (INHAC) (pp. Slaughterhouse operators must appoint a person who is an experienced and expert slaughterer (Riaz and Chaudry 2004). You seem to have javascript disabled. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, Carenzi C, Verga M (2009) Animal welfare: review of the scientific concept and definition. Yes, it does. Chapouthier, Georges, and Nout, Jean-Claude 1998 The universal declaration of animal rights. New York: Rockefeller University Press. ; Amir, M. Industrial halal meat production and animal welfare: A review. Range Manage. Malaysian Standard (MS 1500:2009). (2018). The purpose of this review is to critically look at the different stunning methods with respect to animal welfare and final product quality. those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). Google Scholar. 4. Department of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. Effect of neck cut position on time to collapse in halal slaughtered cattle without stunning. INRA Prod. Google Scholar, Grandin T (2010) Auditing animal welfare at slaughter plants. In International Halal Conference 2012 (INHAC) (pp. Halal Monitoring Committee. ; Knowles, T.G. assessment of animals after bleeding to ensure that the animal is dead prior to further procedures, such as dressing or manipulation of the incision area for religious purposes. ; Dalla Costa, F.A. Manteuffel G, Puppe B and Schn PC 2004 Vocalization of farm animals as a measure of welfare. Therefore, the halal way of slaughtering is more sanitary as most of the blood containing germs, bacteria, toxins, etc. 63, 93102. EBLEX The halal meat market: Specialist Supply Chain Structures and Consumer Purchase and Consumption Profiles in England. not to sharpen the knife in front of the animal Components of electroencephalographic responses to slaughter in halothane anaesthetised calves: Effects of cutting neck tissues compared with major blood vessels. interesting to readers, or important in the respective research area. This is a preview of subscription content, access via Animals. In Halal slaughter, a person of the Islamic faith or a designee performs the ritual cut. Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view. In summary, halal slaughter and halal meat are prepared by raising the animal in a humane manner, killing them with a sharp knife, retraining them, stunning them without killing them (if necessary), and invoking the halal slaughter prayer before slaughtering and draining them completely of blood. Slotnick B, Schellinck H, Brown R 2005. One world, Oxford, Gibson TJ, Dadios N, Gregory NG (2015) Effect of neck cut position on time to collapse in halal slaughtered cattle without stunning. This work was carried out under the project FoodFeedPassMethods for identification, traceability and authenticity verification of feed mixtures and food containing components of animal origin (QJ1530107), financially supported by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic. ; Hemsworth, P.; Cakebread, P.; Mellor, D.; Johnson, C. Evaluation of microwave energy as a humane stunning technique based on electroencephalography (EEG) of anaesthetised cattle. J. In the case of food, Halal food refers to food that is permissible for consumption. 0000002138 00000 n Jurnal Syariah, 2004, 95106. Slaughter, Ethics and the Law. The International Journal of Business & Management, 2(10), 3540. ; Borilova, G.; Steinhauserova, I. Halal Criteria Versus Conventional Slaughter Technology. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the In reality, animals who are killed in a Halal slaughter suffer immensely and endure an extremely violent and ruthless death. "Halal Criteria Versus Conventional Slaughter Technology" Animals 9, no. Robins, A.; Pleiter, H.; Latter, M.; Phillips, C.J.C. Behav. While it is accepted in certain countries such as Malaysia (that follow the Shf school of thought), it is not accepted in Pakistan (which follows the anaf school of thought) [. Journal of Syariah Law Research, 1(1), 105118. 3. The Malaysian Protocol for the Halal Meat and Poultry Productions, Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia. There has been significant increase in the global demand for halal foods, and the market for halal water buffalo meat is growing robustly over the past decade. ; Shahabuddin, A.S.M. Behav. Springer, Singapore. modern restraining methods and stunning Guidelines for Slaughtering, Meat Cutting and Further Processing. - 66.33.212.120. ; Hadley, P.J. Rahman, S.A. : 0TBVJ ))HgXK)RK#8EX@9Pbm5lzH 6hdV#SOP5AfOXc& M8R oe|C J~UWEb#) !yo L67pUSk0cF}OjpN zth(a*,LS~-&f2*a,f*U6Tcg.012d@2@q2&L>MY~u2M%|=x9;X& ; Hadley, P.J. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Ijm (consensus of legal opinion) and Qiys (reasoning by analogy) are also sources of jurisprudence which play an important role in the interpretation and application of slaughter practices, such as acceptability of several stunning methods. Crit Rev Biotechnol 34(2):180196, CrossRef Appl Sci 10:7437, Meat Proteomics Lab, ICAR-National Research Centre on Meat, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Naveena B. Maheswarappa&Rituparna Banerjee, Chemical Residue Analysis Lab, ICAR-National Research Centre on Meat, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Livestock Products Technology, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Nandi Nagar, Karnataka, India, Fresh Meat Technology Lab, ICAR-National Research Centre on Meat, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Meat Microbiology Lab, ICAR-National Research Centre on Meat, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, You can also search for this author in First off, let us understand what the term Halal means. (2022). PA UK slaughterhouses must be completely halal. person performing the act of Stunning The 0000001010 00000 n Oxford University Press, New York, NY, pp. No special Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. These findings were confirmed by a research team from the Hannover University in Germany who examined the halal method of slaughtering which involved a swift deep incision with a sharp knife on the neck from the jugular veins and carotid arteries of both sides with the trachea and. Colorado State University. The dhabh method is also called dhakaat in Arabic, which means ; Wotton, S.B. The influence of slaughter method on the residual blood content of meat. 15, 125. Available online: DIALREL Report on Good and Adverse Practices: Animal Welfare Concerns in Relation to Slaughter Practices from the Viewpoint of Veterinary Sciences. This suggests and strengthens the hypothesis that animals being slaughtered in front of each other may produce stress in them. This vein contains venous blood in high pressure and it directly connects to the atrium of the heart without any interference. 43038), Istanbul, Turkey, February 2015. Halal Industry Development Corporation (HDC). ; Coldebella, A.; Gregory, N.G. Thus, it is thought that the blood from. animal. Behav. For this reason, there are differences among Muslim countries about the acceptability of stunning methods. 1. Grandin T and Vogel K 2008 Restaurant Animal Welfare and Humane Slaughter Audits in Federally Inspected Beef and Pork Slaughter Plants in the U.S. and Canada. Ismail, A. Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM). This few Slides will give you small introduction about the conditions and methods need to follow while you slaughter an animal. Rajwali Khan and Hongfang Guo contributed equally to this work. Omar E. N., Jaafar H. S., & Osman M. R. (2012). Study on the effectiveness of Halal certification in slaughtering house Around Kota Kinabalu Sabah. quick cutting of the skin and severing of blood xb```e``z Ab .$V=`c`A k +mEF^dF6,xzV`xhh+ZhQ~*2U=`Q techniques, this procedure might not be appropriate If a person lacks or loses the competence through intoxication or loss of mental abilities, he or . Allah shall be on each and every carcass "Zabiha" (slaughtered animal). )L^6 g,qm"[Z[Z~Q7%" Baumont R 1996 Palatabilit et comportement alimentaire chez les ruminants. This conceptual paper used the qualitative approach with three main methods, namely the analysis of documents, interviews and observations. It is necessary to create technology that is not in conflict with religious principles while keeping pace with modernisation at the same time. The factors that contributing to the growth of Halal industry in Malaysia market. The issues and challenges of Halal certification bodies in Malaysia. How animals should be treated according to Islamic Sharia FAO. For instance, the slow decline in blood pressure following a halal pre-slaughter head-only stun and neck cut causes blood splash (ecchymosis) in a range of muscles and . Consuming meat-contaminated with blood makes humans more vulnerable to infections and joint pains. Boissy A and Bouissou MF 1995 Assessment of individual differences in behavioral reactions of heifers exposed to various fear-eliciting situations. The windpipe/throat, food-tract/oesophagus and the two jugular veins of the animal must be cut in one stroke. Sci. v(h D< P,0A0xA A A oI =I$A&oI&_MzA& 7zA[oI&I&oI&oI&}+I'oKoI H@KWu~}uo}ZH___Z_~u_]]]Wu~~n_n~v~~[[4]2" ; Schuster, P.; Mirabito, L.; Kolesar, R.; Mc Manus, T. Arrested blood flow during false aneurysm formation in the carotid arteries of cattle slaughtered with and without stunning. J Agric Food Chem 61(49):1198611994, Xu L, Cai CB, Cui HF, Ye ZH, Yu XP (2012) Rapid discrimination of pork in Halal and non-Halal Chinese ham sausages by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9080530, Abdullah, Fouad Ali Abdullah, Gabriela Borilova, and Iva Steinhauserova. Please note that many of the page functionalities won't work as expected without javascript enabled. Evaluation of brain damage resulting from penetrating and non-penetrating stunning in Nelore Cattle using pneumatically powered captive bolt guns. Shariah Journal, 20(3), 271288. Article 45), 45 September 2012. The Qur'an gives the following injunctions in chapter al-Maida 5:3 that An animal/bird should not be dead prior to slaughtering. 133, 1117. Ital J Anim Sci 8(Suppl. ; writingoriginal draft preparation F.A.A.A. In : Keeling, L., Gonyou, H. :(U4,V-}c w@9V3Ycaks}}]`1qO@S` Behav. Trans: Ahmad Zaki, Hammad. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 46, 1731. If the staff performing bleeding is poorly trained or incompetent, the interval between restraint and cutting can unacceptably increase suffering and negatively influence animal welfare [, Although European legislation (Council Regulation No. Available online: Tagawa, M.; Okano, S.; Sako, T.; Orima, H.; Steffey, E.P. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1644-1, access via Applied Animal Behaviour Science 79, 110. The Hadith moreover mentions that the jugular veins and the carotid arteries must be cut, in addition to the oesophagus and the trachea [. The accuracy of the incision could be negatively affected during halal slaughter if animals panic or are agitated by the restraint [, Hadith states that the cut must be made on the neck, just below the gullet and the core of the neck. The Halal method of slaughtering showed there was no change in the EEG for the first three seconds indicating that the animal did not feel any pain from the cut itself and the following three seconds were characterised like deep sleep. Gregory, N.G. The Cut Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 88, 163182. Feature papers are submitted upon individual invitation or recommendation by the scientific editors and must receive Kondo S and Hurnik JF 1988 Behavioural and physiological responses to spatial novelty in dairy cows. In this episode of Being Muslim, Jessica visits a Halal meat farm (Euro Quality Lamb) and slaughterhouse to find out what Halal slaughter (Qurbani) is and what it takes to ensure Halal meat.#BeingMuslim #HalalMeat #Qurbani DONATE TO ISLAMIC RELIEF: https://themuslimvi.be/2VVFdnZ SUBSCRIBE \u0026 FOLLOW YouTube: http://bit.ly/2VxeZ5UTwitter: https://twitter.com/themuslimvibeFacebook: https://facebook.com/themuslimvibeInstagram: https://instagram.com/themuslimvibePodcast: https://anchor.fm/tmvpodcast The Muslim Vibe 2021 Front of the neck. The word dhabh in Arabic means purification or rendering Part of Springer Nature. $O./ 'z8WG x 0YA@$/7z HeOOT _lN:K"N3"$F/JPrb[}Qd[Sl1x{#bG\NoX3I[ql2 $8xtr p/8pCfq.Knjm{r28?. and quickly, in other words, to bring about an to the jurist Abu Hanifah, if one neglects In: Paper presented at the Third OIE Global Conference on Animal Welfare, 68 November, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Rahmani K (1998) Jadeed Fiqhi Masail. The animal must be permissible/Halal for Muslims to eat. The chapter covers the details of religious practices, halal food production requirements, prohibited foods, Islamic perspectives and Shariaa principles, halal requirements of animals, slaughterer, slaughtering tools, slaughter process, etc. immediate and massive hemorrhage. Blackmore, D.K. Farming Press, Ipswich, pp 58. Comments and intentions. and I.S. should be made in the neck at some Gregory NG 2005 Recent concerns about stunning and slaughter. blood (from any animal) and products made or sourced from blood. 0000001424 00000 n ; Mellor, D.J. N! ?[i[[[uim[imaKtimim[k [a[ia[a,0[il0il0KaKa a[%AaXa@ 3 %!08j@p p"L2y^,@}d2}d}C 5 Al` permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. Studies have shown that halal slaughter protects consumers from many diseases which are not possible in the conventional methods used in many countries. and G.B. The appropriate restraint of animals prior to slaughter is extremely important in order to conduct the slaughtering process properly, especially for halal slaughter without stunning. The halal meat industry is today a reality in many regions of the world, including the European Union. The world we live in is multifaceted thanks to the many different religions and cultures that make up the colourful tapestry of humanity. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Rev Sci Tech Off Int Epiz 33(1):8589, CrossRef Small, A.; McLean, D.; Keates, H.; Owen, J.; Ralph, J. Al-Qaradawi, Yusuf 1994 The lawful and the prohibited in Islam. 0000001095 00000 n 9(5), 349358. Find support for a specific problem in the support section of our website. The Instrument Available online: European Food Safety Authority. The controversial aspects that this study deals with include the practices of modern slaughter (animal fasting prior to slaughter, the animals body position during slaughter, the location of the incision during bleeding, stunning and mechanical slaughtering). Proceedings of the 3rd International Halal Conference (INHAC 2016), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7257-4_24, Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. Mansard, C, Bouissou, M.F., 1980 Effect of olfactory bulbs removal on the establisment of the dominance-submission relationship in domestic cattle. Suitable modern technological means and practices in accordance with halal criteria in the meat industry are the reversible stunning of animals, restraint of animals in a lateral recumbency position (for ruminants) and performance of neck incision at a position higher than the conventional low incision in cattle in order to reduce the possibility of the occurrence of false aneurysm. J Syariah 16(3):603616, Zvereva EA, Byzova NA, Hendrickson OD, Popravko DS, Belichenko KA, Dzantiev BB, Zherdev AV (2020) Immunochromatographic detection of myoglobin as a specific biomarker of porcine muscle tissues in meat products. The process of fisting begins from the brisket to the navel, then over the sides of the carcass, the rear legs and around the shoulders ending at the forelegs. In. The animal must be alive at the time of slaughter. endstream endobj 132 0 obj <> endobj 133 0 obj <> endobj 134 0 obj <>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB]/ExtGState<>>> endobj 135 0 obj [/ICCBased 145 0 R] endobj 136 0 obj <> endobj 137 0 obj <>stream Sofos and A.L. The Slaughter Person Jabatan Standard Malaysia. Halal slaughtering method is considered one of the slaughtering stressors in livestock. making an incision anywhere on the neck. European Food Safety AuthorityAHAW 04-027. 99, 589. The findings from this study indicated that it is important to define the HCP to ensure that the halal threats are controlled. arteries. Google Scholar. Conditions and Method of Slaughtering The Slaughter Person The Instrument The Cut The Invocation. Shahdan, I.A. Meat slaughtered in the halal method remains fresh for a longer time due to paucity of blood in the meat as compared to other methods of slaughtering. ; writingreview and editing G.B. your institution. The slaughterer is a Muslim and competent ii. will give you small introduction about the The head is Gregory, N.G. Joint pains come because of high uric acid levels in blood. Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM). Lerner PT. 1):2130, Doi H, Watanabe E, Shibata H, Tanabe S (2009) A reliable enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of bovine and porcine gelatin in processed foods. ; Lotfi, M.; Soleimani, A.F. The meat industry can take these observations into consideration and provide technology that is appropriate for religious laws. Meat Sci. 10(5), 339348. JENSEN, P., Ed.,131143. any longer. We shall now discuss the process of Halal slaughter. Every step in the company's process is approved by the federal Safe and Humane Slaughter Act, which every slaughterhouse must follow, as well as a certifying board, Halal Transactions of Omaha . Faithful Muslims believe in the sanctity of the main Islamic laws (Quran and Hadiths) because, according to them, they originated from heavenly and divine sources (God and his prophet Muhammad). Malaysian Standard (MS2400-1:2010). Gibson, T.J.; Dadios, N.; Gregory, N.G. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Correspondence to ; Small, A.H. Changes in blood parameters and electroencephalogram of cattle as affected by different stunning and slaughter methods in cattle. Halal slaughter requires that the animal is killed from the throat cut and bleeding out process rather than the stunning method. Stunning is not mentioned in the Quran or the Hadith literature. For 111. Correspondence to Schloeth R 1961 Das soziallleben des Camargue-rindes. Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2005, of 22 December 2004. on the Protection of Animals During Transport and Related Operations and Amending Directives 64/432/EEC and 93/119/EC and Regulation (EC) No 1255/97. The opposite of halal is haram which means unlawful or prohibited. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1644-1, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1644-1. There was a stoppage of the heart whilst the animal still felt pain. Anim. This argument further leads to a claim that animals can experience empathy of each other through olfaction of semiochemicals (stress pheromones) emitted from animals slaughtered in the stressful condition that can be detected by other animals in abattoirs. Pandangan Pengguna Muslim Terhadap Pemakaian Logo Halal Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (Jakim): Satu Sorotan Literatur. ; Abubakar, A.A.; Imlan, J.C.; Sazili, A.Q. Shafii, Z., & Zain S. N. (2015) Halal assurance mechanisms in Halal industry: An appraisal on its effectiveness towards continuous Halal assurance and the way forward. ; Phillips, C.J.C. This research does not deal with the technological processes that are conducted after slaughter, such as skinning, evisceration, splitting, washing and dressing of carcasses, meat cutting and utilisation of meat cuts, due to a lack of religious (Islamic) texts in this regard and finds no conflict with the usual technological practices. In The Ethology of Domestic Animals. %%EOF Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. Grandin, T.; Regenstein, J. ; Kok, E.J. Lambooij, E.; Pieterse, C.; Hillebrand, S.; Dijksterhuis, G. The effects of captive bolt and electrical stunning, and restraining methods on broiler meat quality. of Slaughtering ; Vizzier-Thaxton, Y.; Alvarado, C.Z. What is halal meat?. Akademi Pengurusan Yapeim Sdn. In: Antimicrobials in Food, 3rd Edn., Davidson, P.M., J.N. Rault, J.L. Stunning should be performed by a trained Muslim slaughter-man or supervisor under regular monitoring by a competent Islamic authority or halal certification body. B. Awan, J.A. A comparison of blood loss during the Halal slaughter of lambs following Traditional Religious Slaughter without stunning, Electric Head-Only Stunning and Post-Cut Electric Head-Only Stunning. Fuseini, A.; Knowles, T.G. (2016). and G.B. Restraining and neck cutting or stunning and neck cutting of veal calves. Jawhir al-Fiqh. Stunning raises concerns regarding the fulfilment of the requirements and principles of halal slaughtering that are mentioned in the primary sources of Islam. This method seems to cause fear followed by stress in animals mainly due to inhuman handling. ; Pufpaff, K.M. Why is the Halal slaughtering process significant for human health and the quality of the meat? the slaughtering knife shall not be lifted off the animal during the slaughter. Part of Springer Nature. Hemsworth PH, Barnett JL and Coleman GJ 1993 The human-animal relationship in agriculture and its consequences for the animal. instrument that killed the animal by cutting its skin This chapter focuses on the slaughter process with or without pre-stunning to produce unconsciousness. Stunning and animal welfare from Islamic and scientific perspectives. ; Anil, M.H. Piller CAK Stookey JM and Watts JM 1999 Effects of mirror-exposure on heart rate and movement of isolated heifers. 4 ed. Anim. Behav. to say Bismillah intentionally, the meat is haram; if such animal is haram or forbidden, whether one neglects to Let us now recap what we have discussed so far. What is the Halal way of slaughtering Lamb? Food Chem. process is called nahr, which means spearing the 406. Islam as a religion forbids slaughtering an animal in front of another animal as through optic, olfactory, and cochlear senses animals can perceive the stress state of conspecifics. Broom DM and Fraser AF 2007 Domestic Animal Behaviour and Welfare. 334 likes, 13 comments - Halal Food Diaries (@_halalfooddiaries) on Instagram: "Ramadan MubarakHere's a recipe for our Lamb Biryani which we had for iftaar today! Rahman, L. A. Mechanisms that result in large herbivore grazing distribution patterns. Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia. Gibson, T.J.; Johnson, C.B. We got to know the definitions of Halal and Zabiha and how they relate to food that is permissible for Muslims to eat. ; Lines, J.A. Meat Sci 120:6070, Farouk MM, Regenstein JM, Pirie RM, Najm R, Bekhit AED, Knowles SO (2015) Spiritual aspects of meat and nutritional security: perspectives and responsibilities of the Abrahamic faiths. (2008) Tapping into the World Halal market: Some discussions on Malaysian laws and standards. Hand-cutting (manual slaughter of poultry) nonstunned slaughter, which is more dependent on employees than technological means, is more expensive and time consuming; for this reason, it faces serious difficulties in competing with current slaughtering practices. future research directions and describes possible research applications. The main religious laws and regulations in the halal meat industry were promulgated more than 1400 years ago. An interesting read about a tale of wolves in sheep's clothing. 22:10751099. In. Reconciliations of Quranic Verses and Hadith, Response to Sunnah and Hadith Rejectors/Quranists. Preliminary investigations into the use of microwave energy for reversible stunning of sheep. Gregory, N.G. Halal slaughter animals should never be stunned with stunning equipment used on pigs. 8: 530. In: Lead paper presented during summer school on innovations in livestock sector for doubling farmers income: strategies and opportunities in meat value chain from 25th July to 14th August, 2018, pp 7582, Nakyinsige K, Che Man YB, Zulkilfi I, Goh YM, Abu Bakr F, AlKahtni HA, Sazili AQ (2013) Stunning and animal welfare from Islamic and scientific perspectives. Ndou SP, Muchenje V and Chimonyo M 2011 Assessment and implications of animal welfare in beef production systems in developing countries. The purpose of preslaughter feed availability according to halal criteria could be to ensure greater welfare for animals, though feed withdrawal is necessary today. is competent to perform dhabh (Khan, 1991). The stunning and slaughter of cattle within the EU: A review of the current situation with regard to the halal market. Shahdan, A., Regenstein, J. M., Shahabuddin, A. S. M., & Rahman, M. T. (2016). Issues of Halal Food Implementation in Malaysia. CARS-37), and the Shaanxi Technological Innovation Engineering Program (No. A: Alcohol (including other intoxicants) B: Blood (poured forth) C: Carnivorous animals (non-fish) D: Dead Meat (meat not slaughtered per Islamic rites) I: Immolated foods S: Swine (porcine and its derivatives) In Proceedings in International Conference on Food Science and Nutrition 2012, held at The Pacific Sutera Hotal, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia on April 24, 2012. The trachea and the esophagus must be ; Bello, A.U. Karaca, S.; Erdoan, S.; Kor, D.; Kor, A. Meat Sci 98:461469, Gregory NG, von Wenlawowicz M, von Holleben K, Fielding HR, Gibson TJ, Mirabito L, Kolesar R (2012) Complication during shechita and halal slaughter without stunning in cattle. The EEG recording was zero with no pain at all yet at that moment the heart was still beating, and the body was convulsing vigorously as a reflex reaction of the spinal cord. Food Chem 136(3):14611469, Montowska M, Rao W, Alexander MR, Tucker GA, Barrett DA (2014) Tryptic digestion coupled with ambient desorption electrospray ionization and liquid extraction surface analysis mass spectrometry enabling identification of skeletal muscle proteins in mixtures and distinguishing between beef, pork, horse, chicken, and Turkey meat. Fanselow M 1985 Stressed rat odor effect in unstressed rats. Bouissou MF, Boissy A, Le Neindre P, and Veissier I 2001 Social behaviour in cattle. If you are wondering where you can get high quality Halal Lamb products there are quite a few places to get them from. The halal meat process requires many steps in order to be completely fulfilled. 2. Animals 2019, 9, 530. The studies showed that in organic meat: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were 47% These fatty acids are known to reduce inflammation and . ; Von Wenzlawowicz, M.; Von Holleben, K. Time to collapse following slaughter without stunning in cattle. Khalid, R.; Knowles, T.G. PubMedGoogle Scholar. 3, Fig. Halal certification process, role of halal trust, application of halal principles in meat value chain, and authentication techniques for halal meat have been described. Soyer A, Ozalp B, Dalms U, Bilgin V. 2010 Effects of freezing temperature and duration of frozen storage on lipid and protein oxidation in chicken meat. Meat Sci 83(2):165174, Bourguet C, Deiss V, Tannugi Cohen C, Terlouw EMC (2011) Behavioural and physiological reactions of cattle in a commercial abattoir: relationships with organisational aspects of the abattoir and animal characteristics. 0000002758 00000 n Signore JP, Levy F, Nowak R, Orgeur P, Schaal B 1997 Le rle de lodorat dansles relations interindividuelles des animaux dlevage. (2013). ; Wotton, S.B. Appl. ; Gregory, N.G. Available online: Lambooij, E.; van der Werf, J.T.N. Compreh Rev Food Sci Food Safet 2(3):111127, Sentandreu MA, Sentandreu E (2014) Authenticity of meat products. The study was supported by the National Science and Technology Support Projects (No. CAB International, UK. hwTTwz0z.0. Physiol. Akbar (in the name of God, God is Great) before cutting the However, if these conditions are not fulfilled, it will render the . Professional Animal Scientist, Dec. 1989. pp. 90104. And why are campaigners so concerned? about to be slaughtered. 3. 3: Australian Standard for the Hygienic Production and Transportation of Meat and Meat Products for Human Consumption. Meat Sci 98(3):505519, Farouk MM, Amir M, Ghani A (2013) Role of Islamic centres in supervising halal slaughter. Farouk, M.M. Welf. 0000001230 00000 n Springer, Singapore. How to make Stir Fried Hokkien Mee Singapore Style! (Video) Halal Slaughter - Do Animals Feel Pain When Slaughtered? 131 0 obj <> endobj Branen, 2005. While studies have mainly looked at organic meat (which requires no added hormones, antibiotics, etc., no animal by-products, and full outdoor access) it is similar to halal in many ways. Z. Tierpsychol. The halal industry and its products has become a global phenomenon. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in is reported to have forbidden the use of an The purpose of this study is to highlight some of the controversial aspects of modern technological means and the principles of the halal meat industry. Using the Western method of slaughtering, the animals were apparently unconscious after stunning and appeared much more peaceful for the onlookers. Penilaian Terhadap Pelaksanaan Pensijilan Halal Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM). startxref Religion and Animal WelfareAn Islamic Perspective. Method of Slaughter Slaughter with a sharp object (knife) and in a swift sweep (can raise hand and return immediately to the process). Davidson, P.M., J.N. ; Fielding, H.R. neck. A sharp knife free of scratches and nicks of a suitable length (two to four times the size of the neck of the animal) should be used to perform slaughter properly [, Currently, halal slaughter (hand slaughter without stunning) practices are unable to compete with the standard operating procedures of high-speed, high-throughput abattoirs in meeting the enormous demand for meat [. Furthermore, these two sources of Islamic legislation do not have the same importance and effectiveness in all of the Islamic legal schools (Madhhab), where the Sunni interpretations are different than Shia interpretations. There is a condition for halal slaughtering centres, not to process non-halal animals in the same premise. That in organic meat: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were 47 % these fatty acids 47..., 574627. ; Restle, J. M., & Osman M. R. ( 2012 ) halal slaughter should! Ensure you get the best experience, Man YB, Sazili AQ ( ). 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