OLeary, who grew up in Northern Ireland and Sudan, points out that Mountbatten had been a war hero and important mentor to King Charles III. [178][179] As part of the funeral arrangements, his body had been embalmed by Desmond Henley. Louis Mountbatten speaking before the Constituent Assembly, New Delhi, Aug. 19, 1947. It was to be an unsinkable 600-metre aircraft carrier made from reinforced ice ("Pykrete"): Habakkuk was never carried out due to its enormous cost. An earlier version suggested that Queen Elizabeth II was the British monarch at the time of Partition, when it was King George VI. His killing and that of his grandchild and his daughters mother-in-law were regarded as especially outrageous. In Ireland, he adds, there was outrage that a guest had been killed, as well as children and a woman who had no public or security force connections. [112] In contrast, Andrew Lownie has suggested that it took the intervention of the Queen to dissuade Mountbatten from plotting against Wilson. The murder of the British royal and World War II hero signaled a dark period ahead for relations between England and Northern Ireland. Lord Mountbatten and Prince Charles during a 1975 visit to Nepal. ", "Hushed London Bids Mountbatten Farewell", "Ceremonial Funeral of Lord Louis Mountbatten of Burma", "On This Day: Mountbatten Buried after Final Parade", "Killer of Lord Mountbatten Enjoys Freedom, 30Years on from IRA Murder", "187m of Windsor family wealth hidden in secret royal wills", "Draped with Honors Mountbatten Steps Down as Defense Chief", "President Waheed Confers the order of 'Nishan Izzuddeen" on Palestinian President", Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, "Earl Mountbatten's role in the partition of India", "Rewriting History? Print. [55], Mountbatten's experience in the region and in particular his perceived Labour sympathies at that time led to Clement Attlee advising King George VI to appoint him Viceroy of India on 20 February 1947[56][57] charged with overseeing the transition of British India to independence no later than 30 June 1948. [151] Their fathers promptly objected. Louis Francis Albert Victor Nicholas Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, was a British statesman and naval officer who was the last Viceroy of India and the first Governor-General of India. [47], In August 1943, Churchill appointed Mountbatten the Supreme Allied Commander South East Asia Command (SEAC) with promotion to acting full admiral. Her work has appeared in national and regional newspapers, magazines and websites. This was "a rather disastrous move as the directors swung off and lost target"[32] and it resulted in Javelin being struck by two torpedoes. To see all content on The Sun, please use the Site Map. The then Governor-General of India, C. Rajapogalachari, was consulted by Nehru, and he recommended imitating the Tamil custom of presenting a phantom to a new king upon ascending to power. As governor-general of India (August 1947June 1948) he then helped persuade the Indian princes to merge their states into either India or Pakistan. [121] He had a long-running affair with American actress Shirley MacLaine, whom he met in the 1960s. [12], Pursuing his interests in technological development and gadgetry, Mountbatten joined the Portsmouth Signals School in August 1924 and then went on briefly to study electronics at the Royal Naval College, Greenwich. It was Mountbatten who recognised that surprise and speed were essential to capture the radar, and saw that an airborne assault was the only viable method. "[172], On the day of the bombing, the IRA also ambushed and killed eighteen British soldiers at the gates of Narrow Water Castle, just outside Warrenpoint, in County Down in Northern Ireland, sixteen of them from the Parachute Regiment, in what became known as the Warrenpoint ambush. The royal with 10 names, two daughters, and an open marriage, is related to both Prince Philip and Queen Elizabeth II. This service is provided on News Group Newspapers' Limited's Standard Terms and Conditions in accordance with our Privacy & Cookie Policy. Mountbatten was both a sentimental and symbolic target. Ziegler says that in Malaya, where the main resistance to the Japanese came from Chinese who were under considerable communist influence, "Mountbatten proved to have been nave in his assessment. [181] He was released in 1998 under the terms of the Good Friday Agreement. [9], Mountbatten's mother's younger sister was Russian Empress Alexandra Feodorovna. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. He was born in Frogmore Cottage on 25 June 1900, to his parents Princess. [26] Noteworthy technical achievements of Mountbatten and his staff include the construction of "PLUTO", an underwater oil pipeline to Normandy, an artificial Mulberry harbour constructed of concrete caissons and sunken ships, and the development of tank-landing ships. The alleged plot revolved around right-wing former military figures who were supposedly building private armies to counter the perceived threat from trade unions and the Soviet Union. No such coup has ever been confirmed, though theories abound and it has been written about extensively with differing claims. He had international royal-family background; his career involved extensive naval commands, the diplomatic negotiation of independence for India and Pakistan, and the highest military defense leaderships. [104], Mountbatten was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society[26] and had received an honorary doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 1968. He joined the Royal Navy during the First World War and was appointed Supreme Allied Commander, South East Asia Command, in the Second World War. [7], Mountbatten was educated at home for the first 10 years of his life; he was then sent to Lockers Park School in Hertfordshire[8] and on to the Royal Naval College, Osborne, in May 1913. He was an officer in the British Royal Navy and in 1947 was appointed the last Viceroy of India, during the partition of British India into India and Pakistan. Mountbatten attended Christ's College, Cambridge, for two terms, starting in October 1919, where he studied English literature (including John Milton and Lord Byron) in a programme designed to augment the education of junior officers which had been curtailed by the war. In general, however, he had a limited interest in the arts. How the cast of The Crown compares to their real-life royal counterparts, 20% or more off in the AO fridge freezers sale + Next day delivery, Extra 20% off selected fashion and sportswear at Very, At least 10% less than RRP across all departments at TK Maxx, 25% off orders above 125 with this Soak & Sleep discount code, 20% off full-price orders with this Cox and Cox discount code, Compare broadband packages side by side to find the best deal for you, Compare cheap broadband deals from providers with fastest speed in your area, All you need to know about fibre broadband, Best Apple iPhone Deals in the UK June 2023, Compare iPhone contract deals and get the best offer this June, Compare the best mobile phone deals from the top networks and brands. But the Indian Independence Act, which came into force at midnight on 15 August 1947, had the opposite effect. [50] A personal high point was the receipt of the Japanese surrender in Singapore when British troops returned to the island to receive the formal surrender of Japanese forces in the region led by General Itagaki Seishiro on 12 September 1945, codenamed Operation Tiderace. [65], Among the Indian leaders, Mahatma Gandhi emphatically insisted on maintaining a united India and for a while successfully rallied people to this goal. READ MORE: The IRA Assassination of Lord Mountbatten: Facts and Fallout Hunger Strikes Leave 10 Dead The Duke of Cambridge named his son, Louis, after Lord Mountbatten. [108][109][110], In 1975 Mountbatten finally visited the Soviet Union, leading the delegation from UK as personal representative of Queen Elizabeth II at the celebrations to mark the 30th anniversary of Victory Day in Second World War in Moscow. The naval officer was Prince Charles's great-uncle and was described by the royal as the grandfather I never had. In August 1943, Mountbatten became Supreme Allied Commander South East Asia Command and oversaw the recapture of Burma and Singapore from the Japanese by the end of 1945. Lord Mountbatten (better known as Uncle Dickie) is a major force in season 4 of The Crown, persuading Prince Charles to get married. [5] Mountbatten's paternal grandparents' marriage was morganatic because his grandmother was not of royal lineage; as a result, he and his father were styled "Serene Highness" rather than "Grand Ducal Highness", were not eligible to be titled Princes of Hesse, and were given the less exalted Battenberg title. [12] Mountbatten survived the deep defence cuts known as the Geddes Axe. [78] After the tribal invasion of Kashmir, it was on his suggestion that India moved to secure the accession of Kashmir from Hari Singh before sending in military forces for his defence. Mountbatten's own account says that he simply wanted the maharaja, Hari Singh, to make up his mind. Mountbatten expressed his feelings towards the use of nuclear weapons in combat in his article "A Military Commander Surveys The Nuclear Arms Race", which was published shortly after his death in International Security in the Winter of 19791980. In this role, he was the chosen representative of King George VI, empowered to govern on his behalf in the then British colony. [128][129][130] These claims were dismissed by the Historical Institution Abuse (HIA) Inquiry. Here is everything you need to know about Lord Mountbatten, his close friendship with Prince Charles, and his assassination. Mountbatten had to command a platoon of stokers, many of whom had never handled a rifle before, in northern England. Mountbatten had two children: Patricia Knatchbull, who died in 2017, and Lady Pamela Hicks, who is 91 years old. Last year, she joined her daughter, India Hicks, on a podcast to discuss her high society life. Amanda Knatchbull. John Barratt, Mountbatten's personal and private secretary for 20 years,[125] has said Mountbatten was not a homosexual, and that it would have been impossible for such a fact to have been hidden from him. [180], Two hours before the bomb detonated, Thomas McMahon had been arrested at a Garda checkpoint between Longford and Granard on suspicion of driving a stolen vehicle. Lord Louis Mountbatten ("Dickie" to his friends; full name: Louis Francis Albert Victor Nicholas Mountbatten, wow) is an important historical figure. Lord Louis Mountbatten was a pivotal figure in the history of the British monarchy. In his view, any longer would mean civil war. The IRA claimed responsibility for Mountbatten's assassination, stating at the time that the bombing was a discriminate act to bring to the attention of the English people the continuing occupation of our country. For further details of our complaints policy and to make a complaint please click this link: thesun.co.uk/editorial-complaints/, Prince Charles and Prince Phillip with Lord Mountbatten, Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO). Aug. 27, 1979: An IRA bomb kills four, including a cousin of Queen Elizabeth II, Lord Mountbatten. Nehru in turn consulted C. Rajagopalachari . [166][167][168] Jim Rooney, son of Pittsburgh Steelers president Dan M. Rooney (who co-founded The Ireland Funds in 1976), recalled that: Mountbatten's murder shocked many Irish-Americans, my parents included, because they remembered him for the role he played in defeating the Axis. News Group Newspapers Limited in England No. Author Andrew Lownie explored the alleged coup attempt in his 2019 book, The Mountbattens: Their Lives & Loves, suggesting that it required the Queens intervention in order to dissuade Lord Mountbatten from proceeding. [189] The Mountbatten estate in Singapore and Mountbatten MRT station were named after him. Lord Mountbatten had great . Mountbatten, who was of German descent, was born in the United Kingdom to the prominent Battenberg family. [26] Mountbatten set a date for the transfer of power from the British to the Indians, arguing that a fixed timeline would convince Indians of his and the British government's sincerity in working towards a swift and efficient independence, excluding all possibilities of stalling the process. He sought to rewrite history with cavalier indifference to the facts to magnify his own achievements. [11], Mountbatten was posted as midshipman to the battlecruiser HMSLion in July 1916 and, after seeing action in August 1916, transferred to the battleship HMSQueen Elizabeth during the closing phases of the First World War. ), British statesman, naval leader, and the last viceroy of India. Lord Mountbatten was the last Viceroy of India, during the partition of British India into India and Pakistan. However, in August 1998, Mr McMahon was released under the Good Friday Agreement. He from time to time strongly upbraided the Prince for showing tendencies towards the idle pleasure-seeking dilettantism of his predecessor as Prince of Wales, King Edward VIII, whom Mountbatten had known well in their youth. This much had already been confirmed by former cabinet secretary Lord Hunt, who concluded in a secret inquiry conducted in 1996 that "there is absolutely no doubt at all that a few, a very few, malcontents in MI5 a lot of them like Peter Wright who were right-wing, malicious and had serious personal grudges gave vent to these and spread damaging malicious stories about that Labour government. Lord Mountbatten was the uncle of the Queen's husband, Prince Philip. The Sun website is regulated by the Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO), Our journalists strive for accuracy but on occasion we make mistakes. [45], Mountbatten claimed that the lessons learned from the Dieppe Raid were necessary for planning the Normandy invasion on D-Day nearly two years later. Updates? Partition was rushed through and millions of people were forced to flee their homes when they found themselves in the wrong state, with millions of Hindus moving to India and millions of Muslims moving to the newly-created Pakistan. It was the single heaviest death toll for the British Army in the 10 years since it was sent in to quell fighting between Roman Catholic and Protestant militants, according to the Times. The party of seven aboard the Shadow included Mountbatten, his daughter Patricia, her husband, Lord John Brabourne, their 14-year-old twins, Timothy and Nicholas, and Lord Brabournes mother, the dowager Lady Doreen Brabourne. The couple spent heavily on households, luxuries, and entertainment. [67] When Mountbatten's timeline offered the prospect of attaining independence soon, sentiments took a different turn. Prince Philip thought that the Indian public's reception would more likely reflect their response to the uncle than to the nephew. [145] Apart from official documents, Mountbatten was not much of a reader, though he liked P. G. Wodehouse's books. Lord Louis Mountbatten Mountbatten was a British naval officer who oversaw the defeat of the Japanese offensive towards India during World War Two. During his meeting with Mountbatten, Gandhi asked Mountbatten to invite Jinnah to form a new central government, but Mountbatten never uttered a word of Gandhi's ideas to Jinnah. In 1971, East Pakistan split away from the other two nations to become Bangladesh. Mountbatten, Nicholas Brabourne and Maxwell were killed immediately. (Photo by Tim Graham Photo Library via Getty Images) For months during 1968, media tycoon and Bank of England director Cecil King publicly advocated the formation of a coalition government. Albert Victor Nicholas Louis Francis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma[1][2][n 1] (25 June 1900 27 August 1979) was a British naval officer, colonial administrator and close relative of the British royal family. [46] Nevertheless, as a direct result of the failings of the Dieppe Raid, the British made several innovations, most notably Hobart's Funnies specialised armoured vehicles which, in the course of the Normandy Landings, undoubtedly saved many lives on those three beachheads upon which Commonwealth soldiers were landing (Gold Beach, Juno Beach and Sword Beach). Battenberg family, English Mountbatten, a family that rose to international prominence in the 19th and 20th centuries, the name being a revival of a medieval title. In March 1947, Mountbatten was appointed Viceroy of India and oversaw the Partition of India into India and Pakistan. [92] He was promoted to Admiral of the Fleet on 22 October 1956. [37], In August 1941, Mountbatten was appointed captain of the aircraft carrier HMSIllustrious which lay in Norfolk, Virginia, for repairs following action at Malta in January. [85] Jinnah refused Mountbatten's offer to serve as Governor-General of Pakistan. In 1945 he received the Japanese surrender, something he viewed as a personal high-point of his life. Margaret Thatcher, elected prime minister just before the assassination, saw the IRA as a criminal, rather than political, organization. He later became the Supreme Allied Commander of the Southeast Asia Theatre, and oversaw the recapture of Burma. [21], Canada's capital city of Ottawa named Mountbatten Avenue in his memory. [12] He was appointed Fleet Wireless Officer to the Mediterranean Fleet in August 1931 and, having been promoted commander on 31 December 1932,[23] was posted to the battleship HMSResolution. [18] Early in 1921 Royal Navy personnel were used for civil defence duties as serious industrial unrest seemed imminent. [186], Mountbatten supported the burgeoning nationalist movements which grew up in the shadow of Japanese occupation. [150] Charles dutifully wrote to Amanda's mother (who was also his godmother), Lady Brabourne, about his interest. During the First World War, Lord Mountbatten served at sea with the Royal Navy. This issue would become a lasting thorn in his legacy and one that is not resolved to this day. The Independents journalism is supported by our readers. He was therefore a very prominent public figure, but a retired man of 79, who played no role in the British security forces in Northern Ireland, and who regularly holidayed in Ireland, could not be described as a legitimate war target.. Six weeks later,[171] Sinn Fin vice-president Gerry Adams said of Mountbatten's death: The IRA gave clear reasons for the execution. Lady Brabourne died the next day and the others survived serious injuries. [154], Mountbatten usually holidayed at his summer home, Classiebawn Castle, on the Mullaghmore Peninsula in County Sligo, in the north-west of Ireland. Wright alleged that "up to thirty" MI5 officers had joined a secret campaign to undermine the crisis-stricken Labour government of Harold Wilson and that King was an MI5 agent. 679215 Registered office: 1 London Bridge Street, London, SE1 9GF. He was born at Frogmore House, a Grade I listed building belonging to the Crown estate. His paternal grandparents were Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine and Julia, Princess of Battenberg. As a member of the House of Lords, Mountbatten was an emotional figure in both British and Irish politics. [156][158][159], Also aboard the boat were his elder daughter Patricia, Lady Brabourne; her husband Lord Brabourne; their twin sons Nicholas and Timothy Knatchbull; Lord Brabourne's mother Doreen, Dowager Lady Brabourne; and Paul Maxwell, a young crew member from Enniskillen in County Fermanagh. Married to: Edwina Ashley, supposedly the richest heiress in the world on her marriage . "It was a very sad time." Lord Mountbattens funeral was held at Westminster Abbey on 5 September, an event that is depicted in the new season of the Netflix drama. [157], On 27 August 1979, Mountbatten went lobster-potting and tuna fishing in his 30-foot (9.1m) wooden boat, ShadowV, which had been moored in the harbour at Mullaghmore. Lord Mountbatten was born Prince Louis of Battenberg in Windsor on June 25, 1900. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. Lesley Kennedy is a features writer and editor living in Denver. The British people give thanks for his life and grieve at his passing.. In August 1941, he received command of the aircraft carrier HMSIllustrious. [12] He paid a visit of ten days to the Western Front, in July 1918. She was the favourite granddaughter of the Edwardian magnate Sir Ernest Cassel and the principal heir to his fortune. In the third season of The Crown, Lord Mountbatten is approached to lead a coup against Labour's then-prime minister Harold Wilson. [60] Mountbatten also hurried so he could return to his senior technical Navy courses. Thereafter he served as chief of the Defence Staff until 1965, making him the longest-serving professional head of the British Armed Forces to date. He was appointed the last viceroy of. Photograph: PA. [126] The FBI file on Mountbatten, begun after he took on the role of Supreme Allied Commander in Southeast Asia in 1944, describes Mountbatten and his wife Edwina as "persons of extremely low morals", and contains a claim by American author Elizabeth, Baroness Decies, that Mountbatten was known to be a homosexual and had "a perversion for young boys". Netflix's The Crown: the real history behind the royal drama Queen Elizabeth II and Lord Louis Mountbatten, uncle of her husband, Prince Philip. Following the outbreak of the Second World War, Mountbatten commanded the destroyer HMSKelly and the 5th Destroyer Flotilla. Her answer was supportive, but advised him that she thought her daughter still rather young to be courted. [142], Like many members of the royal family, Mountbatten was an aficionado of polo. A scholar argues how British royal, Lord Louis Mountbatten, who hurriedly drew the new borders in secret, was largely responsible. [77] Accounts differ on the future which Mountbatten desired for Kashmir. Young boys Nicholas and Paul were also killed in the blast, while Doreen, 83, died of her injuries the following day. He had been supreme allied commander in southeast Asia, and was said to have been the youngest admiral in the history of the Navy, he says. His godparents were Queen Victoria, Nicholas II of Russia (represented by the child's father) and Prince Francis Joseph of Battenberg (represented by Lord Edward Clinton). [12] He successfully brought Wishart back to port in Malta and then attended the funeral of King George V in January 1936. Given Mountbatten's determination, Nehru and Sardar Patel's inability to deal with the Muslim League and, lastly, Jinnah's obstinacy, all Indian party leaders (except Gandhi) acquiesced to Jinnah's plan to divide India,[68] which in turn eased Mountbatten's task. [191], He was appointed personal aide-de-camp by Edward VIII, George VI[215] and Elizabeth II, and therefore bore the unusual distinction of being allowed to wear three royal cyphers on his epaulettes. [26] In late 1939 he brought the Duke of Windsor back from exile in France and in early May 1940 Mountbatten led a British convoy in through the fog to evacuate the Allied forces participating in the Namsos Campaign during the Norwegian Campaign. [184], Mountbatten's faults, according to his biographer Philip Ziegler, like everything else about him, "were on the grandest scale. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. He was the fourth child of Prince Louis of Battenberg, afterward Marquess of Milford Haven, and his wife, Princess Victoria of Hesse-Darmstadt, granddaughter of Britains Queen Victoria. Prime Minister Clement Attlee convinced him to serve as the last Viceroy of India in 1947. In August 1979, Mountbatten was assassinated by a bomb planted aboard his fishing boat in Mullaghmore, County Sligo, Ireland, by members of the Provisional Irish Republican Army. Pakistani accounts suggest that Mountbatten favoured the accession of Kashmir to India, citing his close relationship to Nehru. [39] On 27 October 1941, Mountbatten replaced Admiral of the Fleet Sir Roger Keyes as Chief of Combined Operations Headquarters and was promoted to commodore. "[49], During his time as Supreme Allied Commander of the Southeast Asia Theatre, his command oversaw the recapture of Burma from the Japanese by General Sir William Slim. [33], His duties in this role included inventing new technical aids to assist with opposed landings. "Trying to tame them is no use. He became an admiral of the fleet in 1956 and served as chief of the United Kingdom Defense Staff and chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee in 195965. 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