Donald Trump described the Saudi response to the killing as "one of the worst in the history of cover-ups." He is "probably the only leader in the Arab world who knows anything about Islamic epistemology and jurisprudence", according to American historian Professor Bernard Haykel. The U.S. officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity because of the sensitive nature of the intelligence, said the 82-year-old King Salman has at times been told his third wife is out of the country receiving medical treatment. A spokesperson for the Office of the Director of National Intelligence also declined comment for this story. Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain is the third spouse of Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, the king of Saudi Arabia. In 2010, he underwent spinal surgery in the . [183], Following the assassination of Jamal Khashoggi, the United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations approved a resolution to impose sanctions on people blocking humanitarian access in Yemen and suspend arms sales to Saudi Arabia. There Princess Fahda clearly expressed that debate continuing about the rights of women in Saudi society has been "pivotal to the nation's renaissance. [66] Iran warned that the House of Saud would pay a high price for the execution of Sheikh Nimr by God's will. American intelligence officials believe that "boss" was a reference to the Crown Prince. [76] Under Mohammed, the Saudi government has promoted a new Saudi identity and nationalist history that downplays religious heritage and restricts Islamic influence in the cultural sphere. The Embassy of Saudi Arabia in Washington denied that the princess is under any kind of house arrest or separation from her husband. [44], In April 2015, three months after becoming king, Salman appointed a full nephew, Muhammad bin Nayef, as the new Crown Prince to replace his youngest brother Prince Muqrin. [94] They were married in 1954, when Salman was only 18 years old and she was 13 or 14. [198] In 2016, Mohammed signed an agreement to cooperate with Russia in global oil markets. Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain ( Arabic: ) is the third spouse of Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, the king of Saudi Arabia. Salman became king in 2015 upon the death of his half-brother, King Abdullah. [72] He significantly restricted the powers of the Saudi religious police. [314], In 2018, Mohammed's personal net worth was estimated at US$3.0billion. [252], In June 2019, a UN report entitled "Annex to the Report of the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions: Investigation into the unlawful death of Mr. Jamal Khashoggi" linked Mohammed to the assassination. [191][192] In 2018, he voiced his support for a Jewish homeland of Israel,[193] the first time that a senior Saudi royal has expressed such sentiments publicly. "[86], Al Jazeera referred to Salman's views reported in a 2007 US diplomatic cable. [140][141], In August that year, the human rights activist Israa al-Ghomgham and her husband, both arrested in 2015, were put under legal threat of beheading. [36], In April 2021, Prince Mishaal bin Majid Al Saud, who has been the governor of Jeddah since 1997, was appointed as adviser to King Salman with the rank of minister.[37]. [115] In October 2017, the plan for Aramco's IPO listing was criticised by The Economist, which called it "a mess". The New York Times wrote: The sweeping campaign of arrests appears to be the latest move to consolidate the power of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, the favorite son and top adviser of King Salman. [29] His nomination as crown prince and deputy prime minister was seen by some as a signal that King Abdullah's cautious reforms were likely to continue. [262], On 9 July 2020, four United States senators urged President Trump to secure the freedom of Saad al-Jabri's children Omar and Sarah, calling it a "moral obligation" to support a man who aided the U.S. intelligence for years and had close ties with key members of the Saudi royal family. [219] In July 2021, six months into the Biden presidency, Saudi deputy defence minister Khalid bin Salman Al Saud (Mohammed's brother) visited the United States. [253][254], In a June 2019 article, The Guardian claimed that after Khashoggi's assassination, the media group became a target of hacking attempts made by a Saudi cybersecurity subdivision, as per an internal order document obtained by the group, with Saud al-Qahtani undersigned. Rex Tillerson's efforts to stop it may have cost him his job", "Gulf states agree to end three year Qatar blockade", "Saudi Arabia expels Canadian ambassador, freezes trade in human rights dispute", "U.S. refuses to back Canada in Saudi Arabia dispute", "On Saudi Arabia, Canada's stance is principled but conflicted", "Canada, Saudi Arabia Restore Ties Broken Before Khashoggi Crisis", "Turkey 'has recording proving Saudi murder', "Jamal Khashoggi: Turkey says journalist was murdered in Saudi consulate", "Crown prince sought to lure Khashoggi back to Saudi Arabia and detain him, U.S. intercepts show", "EXCLUSIVE: Seven of Mohammed's bodyguards among Khashoggi suspects", "Evidence suggests crown prince ordered Khashoggi killing, says ex-MI6 chief", "Reality Breaks Up a Saudi Prince Charming's Media Narrative", "What's the life of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi to US President Donald Trump? [citation needed], On 18 June 2012, Salman was appointed as Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia shortly after the death of his brother, Crown Prince Nayef bin Abdulaziz. [25] While Mohammed sold the war as a quick win on Houthi rebels in Yemen and a way to put President Hadi back in power, however, it became a long war of attrition. Mohammed bin Salman pictured on September 4, 2016, in Hangzhou, China. One hypothesis for the arrests was that they were part of a power grab on the part of Prince Mohammed. Salman of Saudi Arabia. [309], Mohammed has travelled extensively around the world, meeting with politicians, business leaders and celebrities. [298] In June 2016, he travelled to Silicon Valley and met key people in the U.S. high tech industry, including Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg. [50], Robert W. Jordan, former U.S. ambassador to Saudi Arabia, said that "certainly Saudi Arabia has had a corruption problem for many years. After Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022, Saudi Arabia declined U.S. requests to increase oil production and thus undercut Russia's war finances. [71] Mohammed has justified the mass arrests of human rights activists as being as necessary for enacting reforms in Saudi Arabia and for establishing a state based on Arab nationalism. [7], Salman received his early education at the Princes' School[8] in the capital city of Riyadh, a school established by King Abdulaziz specifically to provide education for his children. On behalf of HRH, the Minister of Education, Dr. Hamad . "[219] In April 2022, CIA director William Burns traveled to Saudi Arabia to meet with Mohammed, asking him to increase the country's oil production. [69], Mohammed heads a repressive authoritarian government in Saudi Arabia. Mohammed rules an authoritarian government. On Jan. 30, Kabil wrote in an email that it was the Saudi government's impression that NBC News would speak with the crown prince's mother and she "would then put you in touch with her circle of confidantes.". [192] In August 2018, a report by The Intercept cited unnamed sources claiming that former U.S. secretary of state Rex Tillerson had in June 2017 intervened to stop a Saudi-Emirati plan to invade Qatar, resulting in increased pressure from Saudi Arabia and the UAE for his removal from office. Less than two months after his inauguration, Trump hosted MBS at the White House, not the then-crown prince, Mohammed bin Nayef. [225], On 4 January 2021, Qatar and Saudi Arabia agreed to a resolution of the crisis brokered by Kuwait and the United States, which stated that Saudi Arabia will reopen its border with Qatar and begin the process for reconciliation. [49] The 2018 Arab Youth Survey found that nine out of ten 1824 year-olds in the MENA region support Mohammed's campaign against corruption. Princess Fahda was born in 1953. Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud born 31 December 1935) is the King of Saudi Arabia, Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques since 2015. [28][29], In response to the threat from ISIL, Mohammed established the Islamic Military Counter Terrorism Coalition (IMCTC), a Saudi-led Islamic alliance against terrorism, in December 2015. It's been young Saudis, particularly younger Saudi men in the street". Multiple U.S. officials have told NBC News previously that their interactions with the king suggest he is not consistently lucid. "[53], On 30 January 2019, the Saudi government announced the conclusion of the Anti-Corruption Committee's work. Her mother is Munira bint Abdullah and her ancestors include Ajman tribe leaders, Rakan and Dhaydan bin Hithlain.. Fahda has six children with King Salman: Prince Mohammed, Prince Turki, Prince Khalid . [25] In 2016, he shared his idea for "Green cards" for non-Saudi foreigners with Al Arabiya journalist Turki Aldakhil. [209][208], Upon Trump's election, support for Mohammed bin Salman was described as one of the few issues where rival White House advisers Jared Kushner and Steve Bannon agreed. [125] In April 2018, the first public cinema opened in Saudi Arabia after a ban of 35 years, with plans to have more than 2,000 screens running by 2030. Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain edit Statements instance of human 0 references sex or gender female 2 references country of citizenship Saudi Arabia 0 references spouse Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud 1 reference child Mohammed bin Salman 1 reference Turki bin Salman Al Saud 0 references Khalid bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud 0 references relative [121] This amounted to telling the country's clerics that the deal the royal family struck with them after the Grand Mosque seizure was to be renegotiated. [35], Mohammed leads the Saudi-led intervention in Yemen against the Houthi rebels, who in 2015 seized Sana'a and ousted the Saudi-backed Hadi government, ending multilateral efforts towards a political settlement following the 2011 Yemeni uprising. [164][165][166] Coalition airstrikes during the intervention have resulted in thousands of civilians killed or injured,[167] prompting accusations of war crimes in the intervention. Trump, and his son-in-law and senior White House adviser, Jared Kushner, have embraced MBS as a close partner and critical player in the administration's Middle East strategy. [77] The new minister for Islamic affairs, Abdullatif al-Alsheikh, had previously been credited with reining in the power of the religious police. [186][185], On 16 August 2020, a lawsuit filed by a former top intelligence official, Saad al-Jabri, revealed that in 2015 Mohammed secretly called for Russia to intervene in Syria at a time when Bashar al-Assad's regime was close to falling apart. [42] U.S. officials described the actions as "coercion, abuse, and torture". [1] Princess Fahda received primary educational at the Karimat High School in Riyadh until 1964. [68][69][70], In May 2019, leaders of Gulf and Arab states held two emergency summits in Mecca to present a united front to Iran. [123], In July 2020, King Salman underwent successful gallbladder surgery.[124]. Abdullah Bergstrm died in 2000.[15]. [62][63] It has been heavily influenced by the views of his former adviser Saud al-Qahtani[64][65] and the ruler of Abu Dhabi, Mohammed bin Zayed. King Saud succeeded to the throne on his father's death in 1953. The plans for a 334-square kilometre city include a safari and a Six Flags theme park. [175][176][177][178] The famine in Yemen is the direct result of the Saudi-led intervention and blockade of the rebel-held area. [10], Salman was appointed deputy governor of Riyadh Province on 17 March 1954, aged 19, and held the post until 19 April 1955. Mohammad bin Salman Al Saud Married toSara bint Mashhur bin Abdulaziz Al Saud; [217] The Trump administration also firmly supported Prince Mohammed during global backlash following the assassination of Jamal Khashoggi. Salman is a son of King Abdulaziz and Hassa bint Ahmed Al Sudairi, making him one of the Sudairi Seven. In May, Trump made Saudi Arabia the first foreign country he visited as president. [105][106][107], The relations between Russia and Saudi Arabia evolved under Mohammed, granting the two nations the ability to conspire in oil export decisions. [315], On 25 December 2020, as part of the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health's national COVID-19 vaccination plan, the Crown Prince was shown receiving the vaccine in a video released by the Saudi Press Agency. [123] The regime's commitment to "moderate Islam" and secularization drive through repressive methods has been questioned. He was a prominent figure of the royal council, which allowed him to select which princes would be delegated which responsibilities of the Kingdom. [13], An interview with Fahda was among those included in Mona Almunajjed's book entitled Saudi Women Speak: 24 Remarkable Women Tell Their Success Stories, published in 2011 by the Arab Institute for Research and Publishing in Amman and Beirut. In the meeting, Mohammed reportedly ended up shouting at Sullivan after he raised the killing of Khashoggi. Salman's first wife was his first cousin, Sultana bint Turki Al Sudairi,[91][92] daughter of his maternal uncle, Turki bin Ahmad Al Sudairi,[93] a former governor of Asir Province. [43] Detainees were denied sleep, had their heads covered, and were beaten. [117], In April 2017, Mohammed announced a project to build one of the world's largest cultural, sports and entertainment cities in Al Qiddiya, southwest of Riyadh. The crown prince's younger brother, Prince Khaled bin Salman, was named Saudi Arabia's new ambassador to the U.S. in July. He headed the family council, called The Descendants' Council (Majlis al Uthra in Arabic), that was established by King Fahd in 2000 to solve family matters, reach consensus and try to avoid any publicly embarrassing behaviour by some family members. Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain. After Salman became king, he appointed Mohammed defense minister and deputy crown prince in 2015. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. MBS also launched Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 initiative, which aims to move the Saudi economy away from its reliance on oil production and cultivate a modern "vibrant society." Saudi National Guard minister Mutaib bin Abdullah Al Saud, who was out of the country, was left out of the loop of operations. [218], In 2019, during the Trump administration, Joe Biden criticised Mohammed, describing him as a pariah due to the 2018 killing of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi. [247] Senator Lindsey Graham said, "You have to be willfully blind not to come to the conclusion that this was orchestrated and organised by people under the command of MBS and that he was intrinsically involved in the demise of Mr. Yet there is one Saudi woman whom U.S. officials say has not benefited from the prince's rise: his own mother. The UAE was pushing for the idea of helping Russia stabilise Syria and enabling the Assad regime in the country. Family They married in the 1980s in Saudi Arabia when King Salman was the governor of Riyadh Region. Salman has had a number of health issues throughout the latter part of his life. [128], On 26 April 2020, the Supreme Judicial Council of Saudi Arabia abolished flogging as a punishment in the country, stating that the decision was "an extension of the human rights reforms introduced under the direction of King Salman and the direct supervision of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman". NBC News reported that security officials first came to suspect that MBS was hiding his motherPrincess Fahda bint Falah Al Hathleen, King Salman's third wifeduring the Obama presidency,. Min amir ila malik. Among other reforms, cinemas have been opened, female singers have performed concerts, and women have been allowed to join the army and will soon be able to drive. [78][79], In September 2022, the King resigned from the post of prime minister, handing this role to his son Mohammed. Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain Photos Related Persons Salman of Saudi Arabia [288] Bezos was the owner of The Washington Post, the leader of the company Amazon, and the world's richest man at the time. [11], Salman and his family own a media group, including pan-Arab daily Asharq Al-Awsat and Al Eqtisadiah. In March 2015, the king ordered the bombing of Yemen and military intervention against the Shia Houthis and forces loyal to former President Ali Abdullah Saleh, who was deposed in the 2011 uprising. In early 2016, U.S. officials picked up communications in which MBS was talking about his efforts to keep his mother from his father without the king knowing, according to current and former officials. [11] During his governorship, Salman recruited advisors from King Saud University. Mohammed bin Salman Al Saud was born on 31 August 1985 in Saudi Arabia to his parents Prince Salman Bin Abdulaziz and his third spouse Fahda Bint Falah Al Hithlain. [122] Building an industrial culture was seen as incompatible with Wahhabism. [76] The appointment of businessman Ahmed al-Rajhi as labor minister signalled a growing role for private sector expertise in the Saudi government. [3] There she participated in a non-degree research courses in the department of political science. Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain Foundation. [24] While there was agreement among those Saudi princes heading security services regarding the necessity of a response to the Houthis' seizure of Sana'a, which had forced the Yemeni government into exile, Mohammed launched the intervention without full coordination across security services. She had not been involved in any public events between 2015 and the early 2020, but she reappeared at such events from March 2020. He also serves as the chairman of the Council of Economic and Development Affairs and chairman of the Council of Political and Security Affairs. ", "Reports of Saudi Crown Prince's Domestic Violence Emerge", "Saudi Arabia's Mohammed bin Salman: Reformer and hard-liner", "Mohammed bin Salman the reformer behind Saudi Arabia's shakeup", "A 30-year-old Saudi prince could jump-start the kingdom or drive it off a cliff", "World's Most Expensive Home? [10], As governor, he contributed to the development of Riyadh from a mid-sized town into a major urban metropolis. Salman became king on 23 January 2015 following the death of his half brother, King Abdullah. [42] During the proceedings, there was no due process nor plea bargains. [120] He stated that he aimed to have Saudi Arabia start "returning to what we were beforea country of moderate Islam that is open to all religions and to the world". During his visit to Montreal, Canada in 1991, he inaugurated a gallery. Traditionally, the king has held the title of prime minister. MBS was also instrumental in arranging the ongoing Trump-backed diplomatic blockade of Qatar, which he has accused of funding terrorism. [277], Since 2021, China has been assisting in Saudi Arabia's ballistic missile programme by transferring technology and making joint ventures for missile production. [57], Mohammed's ideology has been described as nationalist[58][59] and populist,[60][61] with a conservative attitude towards politics, and a liberal stance on economic and social issues. "In absolute monarchies controlled by a ruling family like Saudi Arabia, it's hard to tell what is actually going on inside these power shifts," Katulis said, adding that he had not heard of any issues related to the crown prince's mother and had no way to verify it. [171][172] In August 2018, the United Nations reported that all parties in the conflict were responsible for human rights violations and for actions which could be considered war crimes. In the last week of September 2018, Mohammed inaugurated the much-awaited $6.7bn high-speed railway line connecting Mecca and Medina, the two holiest cities of Islam. [39] He first put together a coalition of ten Sunni Muslim countries. [7][293][294][295] In 2022, The Economist reported that on at least one occasion, Mohammed beat his wife so severely that medical treatment was required. Kabil responded by calling NBC's position "reckless," and said it would cause the princess distress and force her into the public spotlight. [160][161] On 10 January 2016, The Independent reported that "the BND, the German intelligence agency, portrayedSaudi defence minister and Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salmanas a political gambler who is destabilising the Arab world through proxy wars in Yemen and Syria. Since his rise as crown prince, MBS has been working to secure a power base at home and become the face of the kingdom abroad. As of 2021, he is 36 years old. [9], Princess Fahda painted the pictures of the book dedicated to her father published by King Saud foundation that was seen as part of the rehabilitation of King Saud. "[184], Andrew Smith, of Campaign Against Arms Trade (CAAT), said that British foreign secretaries Boris Johnson and Jeremy Hunt "have played an utterly central and complicit role in arming and supporting the Saudi-led destruction of Yemen. [121] The officials interviewed said the prince placed his mother under house arrest without the king's knowledge. The officials said MBS placed his mother under house arrest at least for some time at a palace in Saudi Arabia, without the king's knowledge. Mohammed was promoted to crown prince after the dismissal of Crown Prince Muhammad bin Nayef, King Salman's nephew, in 2017. He soon began remaking the court in his own image. Such a dynamic could be difficult to determine because the king's wives are rarely seen in public, they said, and it is considered disrespectful to ask about a Saudi man's wife. [1] Her mother is Munira bint Abdullah[3] and her ancestors include Ajman tribe leaders, Rakan and Dhaydan bin Hithlain. These were consistent with an economy built on oil sales, but industrialization requires a dynamic culture with social relations constantly shifting. [2] She is a member of the Ajman tribe. [231], In October 2018, Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi, a critic of Mohammed, went missing after entering the Saudi consulate in Istanbul. [27][28] Prince Salman was also made First Deputy Prime minister. Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain is the third spouse of Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, the king of Saudi Arabia. Salman ceded the position of prime minister to his son in 2022. KSRelief signed an agreement with the UNHCR to support the families affected by war for an amount of $5million. Fahda is a granddaughter of Rakan bin Hithlain and great-granddaughter of Dhaydan bin Hithlain, who were heads of the Al Ajman tribe. While Prince Mohammed's power base began expanding at home several years ago, his brashest moves have coincided with the strong and early support he's received from the Trump White House. "[78] Gabriella Perez argues that the new social changes implemented by MBS are oriented towards secularist repression, with the potential to adversely impact freedom of religion in the country.[79]. NBC News quoted "multiple officials" who said their interactions with the king, who has reportedly told people around him that he misses his wife and does not know where she is, is "not consistently lucid.". [42] The interrogators knew very little outside of the victims' assets within Saudi Arabia and wanted to know more about their off-shore holdings, while the victims did not know why they were detained. Senator Bob Corker said that the prince "ordered, monitored, the killing" and "If he were in front of a jury, he would be convicted of murder in about 30 minutes. The investments amounted to 14.9 million shares in Activision Blizzard, 7.4 million shares in Electronic Arts, and 3.9 million shares in Take-Two Interactive. References [159], Some have called Mohammed the architect of the war in Yemen. [20] In addition, he retained his post as the minister of state. The three princes were charged with treason. [42] Most were beaten, and some were tied to walls in stress positions as part of torture by Saudi agents. [246], On 4 December 2018, a group of United States senators were briefed by CIA director Gina Haspel on the murder of Khashoggi. This biography of a member of a Middle Eastern royal house is a stub. "[261], On 18 November 2022, due to his new role as the Saudi prime minister, Mohammed got US immunity over Khashoggi's murder. [30] The IMCTC's first meeting took place in Riyadh in November 2017 and involved defence ministers and officials from 41 countries. Every other source of Islamic law, he said, is open to interpretationand he is therefore entitled to interpret them as he sees fit. [118][119], In October 2017, Mohammed said that the ultra-conservative Saudi state had not been "normal" for the past 30 years, blaming rigid doctrines that had governed society in a reaction to the Iranian Revolution, which successive leaders "didn't know how to deal with". Almost all powers under the king were concentrated in the hands of the crown prince and deputy crown prince, both of whom held the portfolio determining all security and economic development issues in Saudi Arabia. [55] Furthermore, in 2018 alone, KSRelief provided medical services to 2,501,897 Yemenis. Mohammed was born as the first child of Prince Salman bin Abdulaziz and his third wife, Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain. NBC asked again for names of people close to her whom reporters could contact independently. [10] She is president of the Al Faisaliyah women's welfare society, that is a Jeddah-based organization mainly targeting women. [76] Mohammed's inviting of "a constant stream of Western male and female singers, bands, dancers and even American female wrestlers" to perform in Saudi Arabia is in complete conflict with religious conservatives who have spoken "against the opening up of the kingdom to secular Western culture". [94][95] The announcement followed plans to develop a 34,000 square kilometre area across a lagoon of 50 islands on Saudi Arabia's Red Sea coastline into a luxury tourism destination with laws on a par with international standards. Saudi Arabia's relations with the Biden administration have been strained, especially after Mohammed's refusal to increase oil production in the wake of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. [151][152] In February 2018, it became legally possible for Saudi women to open their own business without a male's permission. I would also say it's a classical power grab move sometimes to arrest your rivals, your potential rivals under the pretext of corruption". [62][63][64], US Defense Secretary Ashton Carter met with King Salman and his Arabian military counterpart, Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, at Jeddah to answer regional security concerns in the Kingdom and the Gulf states over lifting Iranian economic and conventional military sanctions as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action outlines. [188] In 2018, Mohammed reportedly wanted the U.S. military presence to maintain in Syria, despite President Donald Trump's declaring the withdrawal of American forces from the war-torn country. The 25th son of King Abdulaziz, the founder of Saudi Arabia, he assumed the throne on 23 January 2015. Succession in Saudi Arabia. [67] Mohammed, then deputy crown prince, was subsequently invited to the White House and given the treatment typically afforded to foreign heads of state by diplomatic protocol. ", "Surprising Saudi Rises as a Prince Among Princes", "Sultana, wife of Riyadh Emir, passes away", "Sultana bint Ahmad bin Muhammad al Sudairi", ": " " ", "First Arab astronaut makes a royal tour of space", "Prince Ahmed's cousin killed on way to funeral", "Saudi oil assistance to Pakistan proceeding slowly", "A Closer Look At The Dreamy Wedding Dress Of Saudi Arabia's Princess Hassa bint Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud", "Saudi Arabia: Eight of King Salman's 11 surviving brothers want to oust him", "Family Tree of Salman bin Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud", "Prince Sultan arrives to Bahrain to attend Bahrain Grand Prix", "Saudi Prince Mohammad bin Salman named defense minister", "Prince Turki succeeds Prince Faisal as SRMG chairman", "Late crown prince's letter shows his deep love toward Sulayman", "Succession in Saudi Arabia: The not so silent struggle", "King Sulayman bin Abdulaziz undergone successful surgery, Royal Court statement says", "As Arab leaders gather in Saudi Arabia King Salman's absence looms large", "A family revolt could bring down the Saudi monarchy", "U.S. officials: Saudi crown prince has hidden his mother from his father, the king", "Book claims Mohammed bin Salman may have put his own mom on house arrest", "Saudi Arabia Pledges $15 Million to Aid Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar", "Saudi Arabia's King Salman has successful gallbladder surgery", "Saudi King Salman begins official visit to Bahrain", "Berkenan menerima kunjungan muhibah Kebawah DYMM Raja Salman bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud", "King Salman holds talks with Djibouti leader", "Egypt's Sisi awards Saudi King Salman 'Order of the Nile' honour", "Saudi King Salman increases Indonesia's haj quota", "King Salman to hold talks with Japanese premier today", "Saudi Arabia's King Salman receives Jordan's highest award", "Kuwaiti Crown Prince hosts banquet in honor of King Salman", "Semakan Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat", "A New King for Saudi Arabia: H.E. "[143][144][145] On 23 April 2019, 37 people, mostly Shia human rights activists involved in the Qatif conflict, were executed in one of the largest mass executions of the minority sect in the kingdom's history. [2] One of such exhibitions was organized by the Royal Society of Fine Arts in Jordan and the Pan-Mediterranean Women Artists Network of Greece to eliminate the negative stereotypes concerning women across the Islamic world. [115] He has had one stroke and, despite receiving physiotherapy, his left arm does not work as well as his right. The US government is angered by the move, accusing Saudi Arabia of siding with Russia in its war against Ukraine. Bowen cautioned, however, that Trump's strong support for MBS's early moves could backfire over time due to the young prince's own "insularity and his own recklessness.". She then studied at the School of Oriental and African Studies for one year. [33] He is a strong advocate for philanthropy in poor Muslim nations such as Somalia, Sudan, and Afghanistan. [228][229] The Toronto Star reported that the consensus among analysts indicated that the actions taken by Mohammed were a "warning to the world and to Saudi human rights activists that his Saudi Arabia is not to be trifled with". While the country claims to own a proven reserve of 266.58 billion barrels of crude oil, the energy analyst Matthew R. Simmons estimates the true number to be far less, as the last non-Saudi report by the General Accounting Office in 1978 only mentioned 110 billion barrels. I have great confidence in King Salman and the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia, they know exactly what they are doing. Assessing the inner workings of the Saudi royal family can be difficult, particularly when it comes to women, U.S. officials and Saudi experts said. King Salman is thought to have connections with the Elaph website. He served as minister of defense from 2015 to 2022. [7] She herself also organized exhibitions mainly concerning with her father's memory. Mohammed's first move as minister was to mobilise a pan-GCC coalition to intervene following a series of suicide bombings in the Yemeni capital Sana'a via air strikes against Houthis, and impose a naval blockade. [2] Her mother is Jamila bint Assad bin Ibrahim Al Mirhi from Latakia, Syria. Brian Katulis, a senior fellow for national security at the Center for American Progress who has met with top Saudi officials, including the crown prince, said it's been particularly challenging to determine what's happening in the kingdom over the past year because of efforts by different factions to frame what's unfolding. The squad was identified and returned by Canadian authorities. [198] After Mohammed was accused of murdering Jamal Khashoggi, Putin was one of few world leaders to publicly embrace Mohammed. [285][286] On 10 March 2023, Saudi Arabia and Iran agreed to restore diplomatic ties cut in 2016 after a deal brokered between the two countries by China following secret talks in Beijing. [100], Mohammed announced a project to build Saudi Arabia's first nuclear reactor in November 2018. [59], In February 2015, a man from Hafar al-Batin was sentenced to death for rejecting the religion of Islam. [1] She is daughter of King Saud. [26] As defense minister, Salman was head of the military as Saudi Arabia joined the United States and other Arab countries in carrying out airstrikes against the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria in 2014. Last June, at just age 31, Prince Mohammed abruptly displaced his cousin to become crown prince of the oil-rich kingdom. "He's short-circuiting the tradition," Haykel said. [219][221][222] The Wall Street Journal wrote in April 2022 that the U.S.-Saudi relationship was at "its lowest point in decades. The Saudi government denied these claims, claiming that the move was not politically motivated but to bring stability in global oil markets. Reuters reported that Mohammed "said the dispute with Qatar could be long-lasting, comparing it to the U.S. embargo against Cuba imposed 60 years before, but played down its impact, dismissing the Gulf emirate as "smaller than a Cairo street". [111] Salman was also King Fahd's most trusted adviser during his reign. Publications (1989). Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain je tet manelka Salmna bin Abd al-Azze, krle Sadsk Arbie. 9 likes. [194][195] In September 2019, Mohammed condemned Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu's plans to annex the eastern portion of the occupied West Bank known as the Jordan Valley. Prince Mohammed and Princess Sara have five children; the first four were named after their grandparents, and the fifth one is named after his great-grandfather King Abdulaziz, the founder of Saudi Arabia. [12], During Salman's five decades as Riyadh governor, he became adept at managing the delicate balance of clerical, tribal, and princely interests that determine Saudi policy. Every day, the Saudi monarchy's unrestrained despotism makes it harder for its public relations teams to spin the fairy tale of 'reform' to allies and international business. So we believe that we are a mix of Muslim schools and sects. [211] Kushner also inquired as to how the U.S. could support Mohammed in the succession process. He is the seventh son of King Salman. [108][109], Mohammed established an entertainment authority that began hosting comedy shows, professional wrestling events, and monster truck rallies. Prince Bandar bin Sultan was removed from his post in the security council and the adviser to the monarch was also removed as were the former monarch's sons Turki as governor of Riyadh and Mishaal as governor of Mecca. The CIA declined comment on any intelligence on the Saudi royal family. But the meeting, which is part of MBS's multistate tour across the U.S., comes as some senior U.S. officials are increasingly concerned his aggressive tactics could sow more instability in the Middle East. Print. At one point during a meeting at the White House in September 2015, King Salman told then-President Barack Obama that his wife was in New York for medical treatment and that he hoped to visit her while in the U.S., officials said. [66][67] His style of ruling has been described as extremely brutal by journalist Rula Jebreal and authoritarian by Jamal Khashoggi[68] and Theodor Winkler. Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman Al Saudknown as MBShas reportedly hidden his mother from his father, King Salman, to safeguard the young crown prince's path to the throne. [80], Salman was often a mediator in settling royal conflicts among the extended Al Saud family estimated at 4,000 princes. ", "The $450 million Leonardo da Vinci painting that's said to be sitting on a Saudi prince's yacht was once bought for just $1,000. ", "Critics cite worsening Saudi repression two years after journalist's gruesome slaying", "Saudi Arabia Case Study | Understanding Transnational Repression", "Putin and the prince: fears in west as Russia and Saudi Arabia deepen ties", "Saudi king stamps his authority with staff shake-up and handouts", "Project to Get Saudi Arabia's Economy Off Oil", "Saudi Crown Prince Lambasts His Kingdom's Wahhabi Establishment", "Saudi Arabia rebrands as Ramadan approaches", "What did Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman say about Shiites in Saudi Arabia? The U.S. intelligence assessment of Prince Mohammed's actions against his mother, which American officials said has long been concealed from both King Salman and the public, is an example of MBS's willingness to remove any perceived impediment to solidifying his position as Saudi Arabia's next king, the current and former officials said. Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain ( arabsky: ) je tet manelka Salmna bin Abd al-Azze, krle Sadsk Arbie. [3], Salman was born on 31 December 1935, and is reported to be the 25th son of King Abdulaziz, the first monarch and founder of Saudi Arabia. [207], In August 2016 Donald Trump Jr., the son of U.S. presidential candidate Donald Trump, had a meeting with an envoy representing Mohammed bin Salman and the crown prince of Abu Dhabi, Mohammed bin Zayed. Al Jazeera. The kingdom aims to build 16 nuclear facilities over the next 20 years. [249], A former Saudi intelligence chief and senior member of the Saudi royal family, Prince Turki bin Faisal, dismissed the CIA's reported finding that Mohammed ordered the journalist's killing, saying that "The CIA has been proved wrong before. ".. That leaves him to determine what is in the interest of the Muslim community. Walid wrote on Twitter that the Saudi state security laid a proposal for Loujain to sign a document and appear on camera to deny that she had been tortured and sexually harassed in jail. [40][41], Those arrested in the Ritz Carlton were the subject of what became called "the night of beating". [1] She is daughter of King Saud. Under the patronage of Princess Fahda bint Falah Al-Hithlain, King Saud University participated in the conference 'Empowering Women and Their Developmental Role in the Era of King Salman' held at the Imam Mohammed bin Saud Islamic University over three days, from 23-25th November 2021. [96] The couple's children were: Salman's second wife was Sarah bint Faisal Al Subai'ai. Fahda bint Saud Al Saud ( Arabic: Fahada bint Su'd l Su'd; born 1953) is a Saudi royal and artist. [1] Her mother is Munira bint Abdullah [3] and her ancestors include Ajman tribe leaders, Rakan and Dhaydan bin Hithlain. Trump backed a Saudi-led blockade of Qatar over the advice of some of his own advisers and supported the government's jailing of hundreds of wealthy Saudis accused of corruption. NBC News, which first contacted Baeshen about this story on Dec. 22, 2017, did not accept the offer to speak with the princess because the Saudi government would not allow NBC to disclose that one of its reporters had met with her or use any information she provided for this story under any conditions, including if she was granted anonymity to talk about sensitive matters as others in this story were. The recently-established North American Camel Ranches Owners Association has thanked International Camel Organisation founder and president Sheikh Fahd Bin Falah Bin Hithlain for his help in setting up the new group. Prince Mohammed was appointed minister of defence[19] and secretary general of the royal court. Human rights activists and women's rights activists in Saudi Arabia routinely face abuse and torture by the regime. [74] In April 2015, Mohammed was given control over Saudi Aramco by royal decree following his appointment as deputy crown prince. The relatively brief marriage produced one son: Salman's third wife is Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain, grand-daughter of Rakan bin Hithlain and great-granddaughter of Dhaydan bin Hithlain, leaders of the Al Ajman tribe. [4] Her second eldest son, Turki, is a businessman. [citation needed], According to Farea Al-Muslim, direct war crimes have been committed during the conflict; for example, an IDP camp was hit by a Saudi airstrike. The effect of this maneuver is to chuck about 95 percent of Islamic law into the sandpit of Saudi history and leave MBS free to do whatever he wants. But if there are those who change some work of charity into evil activities, then it is not the Kingdom's responsibility, nor its people, which helps its Arab and Muslim brothers around the world. Nothing", "Jamal Khashoggi: Trump says if anyone knew about plot to kill journalist 'it would be Mohammed bin Salman', "Who is Ahmed al-Asiri, the sacked Saudi intelligence chief? [38] In November 2017, he ordered some 200 wealthy businessmen and princes to be placed under house arrest in The Ritz-Carlton, Riyadh. [42] At one point, the interrogators told the victims to contact their bank managers in Geneva and elsewhere and ask for large sums of money, and were surprised due to their inexpertise that the assets were not entirely in cash. America is only making things worse", "Saudi Crown Prince Aids Yemen as He Hits It With Airstrikes", "Risk-taking Saudi prince gambling with stability", "Saudi Prince Mohammed bin Salman has Western leaders very worried", "Mohammed bin Salman is on a make or break mission", "Yemen crisis: President resigns as rebels tighten hold", "Yemen on brink as Gulf Co-operation Council initiative fails", "US allies have killed thousands of Yemenis including 22 at a wedding", "Saudi Arabia accused of Yemen war crimes as crown prince completes UK visit", "UN report into Saudi-led strikes in Yemen raises questions over UK role", Airstrikes hit Mdecins Sans Frontires hospital in Yemen, "Saudi Arabia intercepts Houthi missile fired toward Riyadh; no reported casualties", "Over 130 civilians killed in 11 days in airstrikes in Yemen, reports UN rights office", "All sides in Yemen conflict could be guilty of war crimes, says UN", "The Photos the U.S. and Saudi Arabia Don't Want You to See", "85,000 children under 5 may have died of starvation in Yemen war", "Saudis must lift Yemen blockade or 'untold' thousands will die, UN agencies warn", "50,000 children in Yemen have died of starvation and disease so far this year, monitoring group says", "Is Intentional Starvation the Future of War? [81][82] The "feared" CPVPV, which had thousands of officers on the streets and powers to arrest, detain, and interrogate those suspected of violating of sharia, and it was banned "from pursuing, questioning, asking for identification, arresting and detaining anyone suspected of a crime". [299][300], In December 2017, a number of sources reported that Mohammed, using his close associate Prince Badr bin Abdullah bin Mohammed Al Farhan as an intermediary, had bought Salvator Mundi by Leonardo da Vinci; the sale in November at $450.3million set a new record price for a work of art. [5], In 2018 several US media outlets, including NBC, reported rumors that Fahda's eldest son, Crown Prince Mohammed, did not allow his mother to see King Salman.[6]. [13] He was also the chairman of the King Abdulaziz Foundation for Research and Archives (KAFRA),[14] King Abdulaziz Museum,[15] the Prince Salman Center for Disability Research and the Prince Fahd bin Salman Charitable Society for the Care of Kidney Patients. [269][270], Relations between China and Saudi Arabia have deepened under the leadership of Mohammed; since he became crown prince in 2017, trade between the two countries have increased from $51.5 billion to $87.5 billion in 2021. In November MBS oversaw the arrests of more than 200 Saudi officials and businessmen, including prominent princes and rival members of the royal family, in what the government has described as a crackdown on corruption. She is a member of the Ajman tribe. [39], Chrystia Freeland, Canada's minister of foreign affairs, issued a statement via Twitter on 2 August 2018 expressing Canada's concern over the recent arrest of Samar Badawi, a human rights activist and sister of imprisoned Saudi blogger Raif Badawi, and called for the release of human rights activists. A few small players went bankrupt, but American frackers only shut down their less-profitable operations temporarily, and waited for oil prices to go up again. [143] HRW's Middle East director Sarah Leah Whitson said, "Any execution is appalling, but seeking the death penalty for activists like Israa al-Ghomgham, who are not even accused of violent behaviour, is monstrous. [84], Salman holds traditional views with regard to political reforms and social change. Then the two countries clashed over Obama's diplomatic outreach to Iran, Saudi Arabia's main regional adversary. Joseph A. Kechichian. President Donald Trump defended the Saudi government for "harshly treating" those who were imprisoned as part of the effort. [17], According to The Washington Post, the late Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi "criticized Prince Salman, then governor of Riyadh and head of the Saudi committee for support to the Afghan mujahideen, for unwisely funding Salafist extremist groups that were undermining the war [in Afghanistan against the Soviets]."[18]. Early life and education Khalid bin Salman was born in 1988. He had been Minister of Defence since 2011, and was Governor of Riyadh Province from 1963 to 2011. [49] Moreover, in 2018, KSRelief assisted 180,555 Syrian patients living in Zataari Syrian refugees camp in Jordan. [32] The change of succession had been predicted in December 2015 by an unusually blunt and public memo published by the German Federal Intelligence Service,[33][34] which was subsequently rebuked by the German government. [citation needed] They have six sons: Mohammad, [1], [2] Turki, Khalid, Nayef, Bandar and Rakan. [5], Princess Fahda also sits as the president of Al Faisaliyya Women's Welfare Society in Jeddah which she's chaired for over two decades, as well as head of Sleysla, a Cooperative Society, specialized in modernizing Saudi handy crafts and fashion in the city of jeddah using locally sourced raw materials with locally inspired traditional designs and employing local women to produce them. [71] Salman accused Iran of threatening global oil supplies and shipping at a meeting of Arab leaders that called on the international community to confront Tehran following attacks on shipping and rising tensions in the oil-rich region. [32] In September 2012, Salman was named as the deputy chairman of the military service council. As of June 2018, KSRelief has implemented more than 400 individual projects in 40 countries at a cost of $1.8billion. Fahda Falah AlHathleen ( Arabic: ) is the wife of the Seventh King of Saudi Arabia, Salman Al-Saud [1] . MBS has thrown Saudi Arabia into a Middle Eastern Cold War with Iran. [210] He subsequently defended the Trump administration's travel ban for nationals of 7 Muslim-majority countries, stating that "Saudi Arabia does not believe that this measure is targeting Muslim countries or the religion of Islam". Code-named Operation Decisive Storm, this was the first time the Saudi Air Force had launched airstrikes against another country since the 199091 Gulf War. [223], Relations between the United States and Saudi Arabia became weak after OPEC+ announced a cut in oil production by two million barrels a day. [230] The diplomatic ties were restored on 24 May 2023. Her mother is Munira bint Abdullah and her ancestors include Ajman tribe leaders, Rakan and Dhaydan bin Hithlain . [101] Efforts to diversify the Saudi energy sector also include wind and solar, including a 1.8 gigawatt solar plant announced in the same month as part of a long-term project in partnership with SoftBank. "[185] Hunt's Conservative leadership campaign was partly funded by a close associate to Prince Mohammed. [3] Mezi jej pedky pat vdci kmene Ajman, Rakan a Dhajdan bin Hithlain. An agreement and final communiqu signed on 5 January 2021 following a GCC summit at Al-'Ula marks the resolution of the crisis. Under Salman, Riyadh became one of the richest cities in the Middle East and an important place for trade and commerce. "[52] French president Emmanuel Macron, who visited Riyadh days after the purge, when asked about the purge stated "this is not the role of a president, and similarly I would not expect a leader of a foreign country to come and infringe on domestic matters. [208] The meeting included Joel Zamel, an Israeli specialist in social media manipulation, Lebanese-American businessman George Nader, and Blackwater founder Erik Prince. [5] Prince Khalid, her third eldest son, is the deputy minister of defense whereas Prince Bandar is the head of Royal Guard which deals with personal security of the King and Crown Prince. These include regulations restricting the powers of the religious police and improving women's rights, such as the removal of the ban on female drivers in 2018 and weakening the male-guardianship system in 2019. The crown prince has reportedly kept his mother away from his father for fear that she opposed his rise to power. On 28 September 2021, U.S. president Joe Biden's national security adviser, Jake Sullivan, met with Mohammed in Saudi Arabia to discuss the high oil prices. She is a member of the Ajman tribe. In April 2012, Salman visited both the United States and the United Kingdom where he met with US President Barack Obama and British Prime Minister David Cameron. [114], In August 2010, Salman underwent spinal surgery in the United States and remained out of the kingdom for recovery. Islamic scholars, human rights activists, women's rights activists, journalists, former insiders, Islamists, and other political dissidents are systematically repressed through tactics including torture and jailing, and some reports have alleged that Mohammed uses a group known as the Tiger Squad to carry out extrajudicial killings. [297][298] In 2015, he purchased the Chteau Louis XIV in France for over $300million. Under the contract, Saudi Arabia purchased hundreds of Chinese drones, ballistic missiles, Silent Hunter DEWs in addition to technology transfer that enables indigenous manufacturing of various armaments. [263][264] Saudi Arabia had issued an extradition request and Interpol notices to bring back Saad al-Jabri, who was the U.S. anti-terrorism contact in the Middle East and was staying in Canada since 2018. [2] Mohammed replaced his father as prime minister in 2022. [44] BBC correspondent Frank Gardner was quoted as saying that "Prince Mohammed is moving to consolidate his growing power while spearheading a reform programme". [180] On 28 March 2018, Saudi Arabia, along with its coalition partner the UAE, donated US$930million to the United Nations which, according to UN secretary-general Antnio Guterres, "(will) help to alleviate the suffering of millions of vulnerable people across Yemen". He was then appointed minister of defense. [1] Her mother is Munira bint Abdullah [3] and her ancestors include Ajman tribe leaders, Rakan and Dhaydan bin Hithlain . [81] He reportedly controlled the organization through his son Prince Faisal,[81] who is a former chairman of the concern. [2] Her mother is Jamila bint Assad bin Ibrahim Al Mirhi from Latakia, Syria. Age (as in 2021) [89], Mohammed took the leadership in the restructuring of Saudi Arabia's economy, which he officially announced in April 2016 when he introduced Vision 2030, the country's strategic orientation for the next 15 years. [289], United Nations special rapporteurs Agns Callamard and David Kaye reacted that the alleged hack suggests that Mohammed participated "in an effort to influence, if not silence, The Washington Post's reporting on Saudi Arabia". Prince Mohammed moved up into the number two position in the hierarchy, as his father became the new crown prince and first deputy prime minister. (22 July 2015) "Saudi Arabia's King Salman backs Israel over Iran nuclear deal concerns". Saudi Arabia persuaded OPEC to do the same. [148] He legislated against some elements of Saudi Arabia's Wali system, also a topic of a decades-long campaign by women's rights activists. [122], Salman received the Lifetime Achievement Award of the Al-Turath Charity Foundation in the field of urban heritage in 2013. A month later MBS unexpectedly supplanted Prince Mohammed bin Nayef as crown prince. [92] Neom aims to attract investment in sectors including renewable energy, biotechnology (especially genetically modified agriculture),[93] robotics and advanced manufacturing. [219], US-Saudi trade relations has also sunk drastically from a height of 76 billion $ in 2012 to just about 29 billion dollars in 2021. The commercial operations of the railway began on 11 October 2018. [226], In November 2017, Mohammed forced Lebanese prime minister Saad Hariri to resign when he visited Saudi Arabia. [3] Then in 1969, she graduated from the Beirut Evangelical School for girls (BESG) in Beirut. He also served as Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2022. On the death of King Abdullah, there were as many as eleven government secretariats, and all of these were abolished and reconstituted as only two, the Council of Political and Security Affairs (CPSA), headed by Deputy Crown prince Mohammed bin Nayef, and the Council for Economic and Development Affairs (CEDA), headed by the Secretary-General of the Royal Court, Prince Mohammed bin Salman, who was given free rein to completely reorganize the government[38] and cementing the power of the Sudairi faction, to which both princes belong. ", "Saudi princes among dozens detained in anti-corruption purge", "What the royal purge means for Saudi Arabia and its oil", "Saudi Arabia 'at a crossroads': What the arrests of several princes mean for the kingdom's future", "The Saudi purge: The real reason behind Mohammed bin Salman's unprecedented crackdown", "Inside the Arrest of Saudi Arabia's Alwaleed bin Talal", "Arab Youth Survey 2018: Saudi Crown Prince and his reforms win huge support from young people across the Middle East", "Saudi crackdown 'would be like' the US arresting Warren Buffett", "I have great confidence in King Salman and the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia, they know exactly what they are doing.Some of those they are harshly treating have been 'milking' their country for years! [42] In 2022, Saudi airstrikes at a prison in Northern Yemen killed at least 70 people and knocked out the country's internet access. Sheikh Fahd is thought to be a second cousin of Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salman (MBS) via MBS's mother Fahda Bint Falah Al-Hathlain. "We see an erosion of the global multilateral architecture, unilateral measures, unilateral sanctions becoming the norm," South Africa's envoy tells Newsweek. [232] Saudi Arabia denied the accusations and 13 days later Mohammed invited Turkish authorities to search the building as they "have nothing to hide". "Saudis lead Middle East military spending". The King has six sons from his third marriage with Fahda bint Falah Al Hithlain: Prince Mohammed, Prince Turki, Prince Khalid, Prince Nayef, Prince Bandar, and Prince Rakan. [104] The record-high energy prices were driven by a global surge in demand as the world quit the economic recession caused by COVID-19, particularly due to strong energy demand in Asia. However, it has been suggested that Mohammed's yacht Serene houses Salvator Mundi. [66], Saudi Arabia has emerged as the main group to finance and arm the rebels fighting against the Syrian government. [65] In January 2016, Saudi Arabia executed the prominent Saudi Shia cleric Sheikh Nimr. [14], On 23 January 2015, King Abdullah died and Salman ascended the throne. [63] MbS has also been championing an Arab nationalist ideology domestically and through foreign policy; with a focus on opposing Islamist movements. Although the CIA reportedly had not determined whether Khalid had any foreknowledge of Khashoggi's ultimate fate upon entering the consulate, it believed that Khalid conveyed this message to Khashoggi at Mohammed's behest. It then cut production significantly and asked its OPEC partners to do the same. [110] In 2019 the Saudi cabinet approved a new residency scheme (Premium Residency) for foreigners. Mohammed believed that Hariri was in the pocket of Iran-backed Hezbollah, which is a major political force in Lebanon. [168][169][170] Following a Houthi missile attack against Riyadh in December 2017, which was intercepted by Saudi air defence, airstrikes killed 136 Yemeni civilians and injured 87 others in eleven days. They also discussed Saudi weapons purchases from China. ) in Beirut moderate Islam '' and secularization drive through repressive methods been... Among the extended Al Saud, the minister of Saudi Arabia, Al Jazeera referred to 's... Nuclear deal concerns '' blockade of Qatar, which is a major force! Backs Israel over Iran nuclear deal concerns '' was accused of murdering Jamal,. Was partly funded by a close fahda bint falah al hithlain to prince Mohammed after Mohammed accused! Residency ) for foreigners squad was identified and returned by Canadian authorities grab! Dhajdan bin Hithlain intelligence also declined comment on any intelligence on the part of oil-rich. 'S new ambassador to the U.S. in July 2020, King Abdullah 's new ambassador to the of! 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Age 31, prince Khaled bin Salman was also instrumental in arranging the ongoing Trump-backed diplomatic blockade of,... Requires a dynamic culture with social relations constantly shifting culture was seen as incompatible with Wahhabism after dismissal. After his inauguration, Trump hosted MBS at the Karimat High School in Riyadh November. Bint Assad bin Ibrahim Al Mirhi from Latakia, Syria ] then in 1969 she... Security Affairs regime 's commitment to `` moderate Islam '' and secularization drive through repressive methods been...
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